The educational task is set in every educational institution. Even in kindergarten. Indeed, upbringing is a complex process in which attention is focused on the transfer of knowledge, ways of thinking, various norms from the older generation to the younger. The process has a different meaning. But in the end, each child, as he grows up, should receive certain skills, moral values, moral attitudes that will allow him to orient in life in the future.
In terms of pedagogy
The modern educational system in the pedagogical sense focuses on specially organized and targeted impact on the team by teachers. It is needed in order to form the set qualities and achieve specific tasks. Of course, education as a process causes various disputes. Someone thinks that children should not be overly instructed, as the environment will still influence them. Others, on the contrary, believe that without education a person is unlikely to become a person, a respected member of society. And it is right. The main educational task of any educational process is to identify the inclinations and talents of a person and develop them in accordance with his individual characteristics.
It must be said that certain qualities must be developed in accordance with the makings laid down by nature. Accordingly, the educational goal and the educational task should be selected so that they meet the level of development of the child. And they would concern the zone of its closest development. Good education should go ahead of development.
Mental education
The educational process is a whole range of activities aimed at the harmonious development of a specific person. Parents are engaged in it, first of all. But institutions such as kindergartens and schools also play an important role in achieving a common goal. Education happens in different directions. We will consider each of them separately. For example, mental education refers to the development of personality, which is revealed in the educational process from a moral, emotional and physical point of view. It is very important for the development of personal qualities. Educational tasks within the framework of the mental direction are aimed at ensuring that children perform certain tasks:
- learned a certain amount of scientific knowledge;
- learned to form their own opinion and worldview;
- developed mental powers, abilities, cognitive interests;
- were aware of the need to constantly replenish their knowledge.
All these goals are set by secondary schools. Attention is focused on the fact that mental education is the first step on the path to mastering the entire system of knowledge of basic sciences.
Physical education
It is no less important. The modern educational system pays close attention to the physical aspect of development. The main tasks in this case are somewhat different. But without them it is impossible to imagine any educational system. Physical education implies an emphasis on improving health and the proper development of the child, increasing his ability to work, and developing natural motor qualities.
The goal of this useful and necessary process is to optimize a person’s physical development. And also to improve its qualities, and so that they are harmonious with the spiritual and moral characteristics of the individual. Educational work in preschool educational institutions or schools is directed, among other things, to form vital motor skills, to contribute to the acquisition of basic knowledge of a scientific and practical nature.
Labor education
It begins to form since childhood - in the family, school - and involves instilling in the child basic knowledge of work responsibilities. Any activity is an important means of developing the psyche, moral qualities of the individual. Therefore, for students, it should be a natural need. Certain educational goals are set in a secondary school:
- to form in children a positive attitude to work, which is presented as the highest value in life;
- to develop a cognitive interest in knowledge, the need for creative work;
- to cultivate high moral qualities, hard work, duty and responsibility;
- equip students with various labor skills.
That is, labor education concerns those aspects of the educational process that involve paying attention to activities.
Moral education
The educational goals of this process are aimed at the formation of moral concepts, feelings and beliefs that meet established standards in society. They are understood as universal values. They meet moral standards, were developed by people in the course of the natural historical development of society. Teachers say that moral education is a purposeful formation of the moral character of a child, his habits in behavior, communication, and thinking. Accordingly, the task of this process is aimed at the formation of sincere feelings, moral character, own position, but necessarily within the framework of existing moral values. Such a person in the future will certainly become a worthy citizen of his country.
Patriotic education
Special attention deserves such an aspect of education as patriotic feelings. From childhood, a child must respectfully respect his Motherland, its nature, gifts, and cultural values. In kindergartens and schools, various military-patriotic events are actively held to help children realize the moral value of being part of their land. Within their framework, conditions are being prepared for creating a system of civic-patriotic education. What is it?
Many teachers note that civic-patriotic education is a priority direction of the modern educational system. The objective of this process is the formation of a person who is capable of socially justified acts. He must be able to relate himself to the existing system of social relations and see his place in it, to fruitfully contact with other people.
Military-patriotic goals of education are aimed at ensuring that the child grows up as a worthy citizen, a patriot of the country who respects its laws. And to achieve this goal, a number of tasks are performed:
- Scientifically based management and organizational activities are carried out. It is aimed at creating optimal conditions for civil-patriotic education of schoolchildren.
- In the consciousness and feelings of students affirmed the idea of universal values, attitudes, beliefs.
- An effective education system is being created. Thanks to it, optimal conditions are provided for the development of basic civic qualities in children.
Features of modern principles of education
How to raise a raised child? All parents ask this question. It should be noted that everyone has their own ideas about this process, its features and principles. But still there are initial provisions on the basis of which the modern educational methodology is formed. The education system today is based on several principles:
- The public focus of the process.
- Education should be closely linked to life and work.
- It must be based on humanism.
- A personal approach in the process plays an important role.
- All impacts must be uniform.
The educational task in this case is thought out in such a way as to take into account the changing needs of society in combination with existing philosophical and psychological-pedagogical concepts. We will talk about them in more detail.
What are the concepts?
At the heart of modern teaching practice are two concepts of education - pragmatic and humanistic. The first was approved in the United States as early as the 20th century and is still preserved. Her motto is parenting for survival. That is, the task of the school is to grow, first of all, an effective employee and a responsible citizen. More supporters of the humanistic concept. According to her, it is necessary to help a person realize all the abilities and talents inherent in her. But there are more modern and relevant concepts of education:
- Orientation to collectivism. The main thing in this concept is the ideas of joint, group creativity and training, when education, as a process, involves managing the development of the individual in the team.
- Social concept. It is very interesting and informative. In this case, education refers to the social process, which is formed on the basis of certain impacts on human activity and behavior. Its task is to create an effective environment for the growth and development of a specific individual.
- Personally-oriented cultural concept. According to her, the basis of the picture of the world is primarily a man. And education should be conducted in accordance with cultural and national foundations. According to this concept, a person is, first of all, a person of cultural and moral principles.
- Self-organization of education. According to this concept, a process is understood as a creative solution to life's problems. That is, a person chooses exactly how they can be solved.
What is the essence?
The educational process is a whole system in which various factors play a role. And it is he who underlies modern pedagogical activity in educational institutions. But not limited to it. After all, the educational process involves taking into account all environmental factors that can affect a person in the course of his formation.
The goals and objectives of educational work are aimed at resolving the main contradictions between the various areas of the student. And to do this so that his personality is formed harmoniously and holistically. And the participants in the process should do everything possible to streamline all sorts of influences on the child. Education itself is a whole combination of techniques and methods that affect an individual.
The main thing is action focus
We note immediately that educational work is always carried out comprehensively. That is, the impact is not only directly on the child. It is more important to evaluate his environment, which is what teachers should do in the framework of the educational process. As a result, the following educational tasks are set:
- determination of the individual characteristics of the baby, its development, environment, interests;
- programming educational impacts;
- development and implementation of methods and forms aimed at individual work with the child;
- assessment of the degree of effectiveness of the educational impact.
As part of the relationship of the minor with the environment, a favorable emotional atmosphere is formed. Children are involved in various activities. Another group of goals is aimed at adjusting the influence of various subjects of the child’s social relations. As part of this process, social assistance can be provided to the family. The kid is actively involved in a dialogue with the teaching staff. In this case, the planning of educational work is structured in such a way that organizational activity comes first.
Structure
The educational process consists of several components - targeted, substantive, operational-activity and analytically-effective. Let's talk about them in more detail:
- The target component is the definition of the goals of the educational process. And they are put after the needs and interests of the child, the trends in social development are taken into account without fail.
- The content component is the fundamental directions on the basis of which the whole process is being worked out. Its content focuses on the formation of qualities that are essential for a particular person in terms of his relationship with the outside world.
- Operational-activity component - pedagogical tools that the teacher implements in his work for the purpose of educational work. In this aspect, training is an active interaction of process entities with objects.
- Analytical and effective component involves evaluating the effectiveness of the educational process.
Patterns of education
How to raise a raised child? To answer this question, you need to understand how the process is built, what to do to make it truly effective. The essence of education is understandable if we study its laws, that is, external and internal relations that affect the success of achieving the set pedagogical goals. To make a baby truly educated, both parents and teachers should remember some of the laws of the process:
- The personal interests of the child must be in harmony with the public. The tasks of the pedagogical process are also important. The main thing is that the baby is active, and for this he must have motivation.
- Education and upbringing influence the general culture of a person in combination. That is, we develop if we gain knowledge, expand our horizons and the scope of our activities.
- Educational influences on the child must be holistic. They cannot contradict pedagogical requirements.
Thus, the educational process is a holistic concept that allows you to create integrity and harmony in a person. But do not forget that the child is the main value in the system of human relations. At the same time, humanity is the main norm. And in order for the upbringing to be successful, it is important that the child is involved in this or that activity voluntarily, trusting teachers and parents. And he understood that in any case he is protected, and his interests are taken into account. A huge impact is also exerted by the love of parents, respect for the baby, the ability to listen and understand him.