Many computer owners still remember the days when all peripheral devices were connected to the system units via serial (COM) and parallel (LPT) ports. The standards were quite simple to implement, which had the most positive effect on the cost of motherboards and external equipment using these interfaces. Their disadvantages were the inability to connect peripheral devices “on the go” without turning off the power of the system unit, as well as low bandwidth. However, this was a kind of payment for “cheapness,” and before the start of the multimedia era, no one paid attention to these features . With the beginning of the proliferation of multimedia technologies(digitization and transmission of voice, images) it took to think about replacing COM and LPT. The result of the work of several large companies was the appearance in 1996 of the first version of the USB interface (universal serial bus), which allowed scaling in speed and supported hot Plug & Play. Since then, several generations of the standard have changed, and version 3.0 is being actively promoted. Unfortunately, despite all the efforts of the developers and versatility, until now many owners of computer systems sometimes notice that USB ports have stopped working. And for no apparent reason. What is interesting: the USB port device is very simple: there are only 4 wires in the plug (sometimes 5, the fifth is a screen), two of which transmit data, and the remaining two are used for power supply.
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