Having a baby is a very important and crucial step for any family. Parents can’t count all the worries and troubles. And the financial issue is particularly acute, since raising a child takes a lot of time, and mothers rarely manage to send the child to kindergarten or leave them in the care of grandparents, and to return to the workplace. The state provides financial support to young parents. Citizens of the Russian Federation have the right to apply for assistance for the first or benefits for a second child up to 3 years. Families who are lucky enough to raise three or more children can also receive financial support from the state, and in a larger amount than in the first two cases.
Types of Child Benefits
The allowance for 1 child up to 3 years may be more than one; mothers have the right to calculate financial assistance from the moment they are registered in the clinic. Let's look at all the possible types of benefits:
- Payment upon registration with a gestation period of up to 12 weeks. The amount of such a benefit, according to 2017, is 613.14 rubles.
- Maternity benefits. It amounts to 100% of the average daily wage for two years of work or in the minimum allowance in the amount of the amount specified in paragraph 1.
- A one-time payment to the pregnant wife of a military man who is in military service. The amount of this payment is quite large - 25,892.45 rubles.
- One-time allowance for the appearance of the baby. The amount of this allowance is 16,350.33 rubles.
- The payment upon adoption of a child or establishment of guardianship over him shall be the same amount as in paragraph 4. The amount increases significantly if parents take responsibility for the upbringing of an adopted child with a disability or a child who has already reached the age of 7, as well as two or three children who are siblings to each other. In this case, one-time assistance will amount to 124,929.83 rubles. for each child.
- Maternal capital, or as it is also called family capital, remains unchanged during indexation and amounts to 453,026 rubles.
- Payments for a child under the age of 18 months. It is calculated based on the average daily wage for the previous 2 years at the place of official employment. Paid in the amount of 40% of this amount. Or the minimum established by the state - 3 065.69 rubles. for the first-born and 6 131.37 rubles. for the birth of a second child.
- The allowance for children under 3 years old is 50 rubles plus a regional coefficient. The amount does not change taking into account the birth or adoption of another child in the family.
- The payment to a child, one of whose parents is a conscript soldier, is 11,096.76 rubles. Such financial assistance is paid to the family every month.
- The allowance for a third child up to 3 years and the following children in the family. It is paid monthly and amounts to one living wage, depending on the region of registration of the place of residence.
- The monthly allowance for a child of a deceased serviceman until he reaches the age of majority, that is, 18 years, is 2,240.32 rubles. All these figures are indicated taking into account the indexation carried out in early February of the current year.
With the indicated amounts, an indexation coefficient of 1,054 from the indicators of the previous year is valid.
One-time allowance
In addition to the allowance for caring for a child under 3 years old, young parents can receive a one-time subsidy. Any parent can apply for such compensation within six months from the date of delivery. In 2017, one-time financial assistance amounted to 16,352.33 rubles. To receive this type of compensation, if both parents officially work, one of them should apply with the necessary documents and a statement at the place of work. Accordingly, if only one of the parents is officially employed in the family, then he should submit an application and documents. And only if both are unemployed - you need to apply to the social protection department of your region.
Today, a pilot project called the “Direct Payments” has been launched on the territory of our state. The essence of this experiment is that a lump sum payment for the baby is issued by the Social Insurance Fund. That is, the employer sends a statement and data about the insured employee to the FSS. And the applicant receives funds directly from the Insurance Fund. This speeds up the process of receiving cash and reduces the so-called paperwork when assigning a lump sum.
The project does not operate throughout the state, but only in several regions. Among the republics involved: Tatarstan, Mordovia and Karachay-Cherkessia. 14 regions go to the Direct Payments program. More precisely: Bryansk and Belgorod, Kurgan and Kaluga, Lipetsk and Nizhny Novgorod, Novgorod and Novosibirsk, Ulyanovsk, Astrakhan, Tambov, Rostov and Samara regions of the Russian Federation. In addition, the Khabarovsk Territory and the most remote corner of our homeland - the Kaliningrad Region also took part in the pilot launch of this new program. And the republic of Crimea, which recently joined Russia, along with the city of Sevastopol, also participates in Direct Payments.
Allowance for children under 18 months
In Russia, leave due to pregnancy and childbirth lasts 1.5 years from the date of birth of the baby. An officially working mother can apply for benefits for children under 3 years old, but financial assistance will no longer be paid in full. Until the baby reaches 18 months, mothers are paid a benefit of 40% of the average daily wage. This amount is determined based on the average for two years of work. If the average income of the mother is not higher than the subsistence level in the region where she is registered, or the work experience is less than six months, then in this case she is assigned the minimum monthly subsidy. In 2017, for the first child, this amount is 3,065.59 rubles, and for the second, third and subsequent babies - 6,131.37 rubles.
Amount of assistance for childcare up to 3 years
The monthly allowance for a child under 3 years old was established back in 1994 by presidential decree under number 1110, it indicated the amount of 50 rubles per month. Until today, no one has changed it yet. Naturally, with the current level of prices, this amount is simply ridiculous and in no way enough for the full or at least partial maintenance of the child. The law also adds a regional coefficient to this amount, but it does not significantly affect the amount of payments to the child's parents. Periodically, officials and activists put forward bills to amend the law of 1994, but so far no changes have occurred.
Benefit up to 3 years: who is eligible to receive?
In Russia, leave for the care of newborns, as you know, is set for up to 1.5 years. After this time, citizens can apply for benefits for children from 1.5 to 3 years. This type of financial assistance is permanent and only mothers can receive it, due to the fact that they do not have the opportunity to go to the workplace.
Civil servants and military personnel on a permanent and contractual basis can receive such a subsidy from the state; women with disabilities of groups 1 and 2; passing training in a higher education institution in absentia. Also, mothers who are unemployed either because of the liquidation of the enterprise or because of retraining. If a woman is caring for a disabled child of group 1 or an elderly person over 80 years old, then she can also apply for benefits.
In addition to mothers, adoptive parents and guardians can receive benefits. The care of a child of 3 years can also be dealt with by father, grandmother, grandfather, if the mother was deprived of parental rights. To do this, collect the package of necessary documents and send it to the regional department of social protection or your employer.
You can apply any day before the child reaches the age of 3 years, but there is one caveat. If the application is submitted immediately after the onset of 18 months to the child or within 6 months after, then the benefit is paid in full for all months. If six months have passed since the child was 18 months old, then payment will be made only from the date of application.
List of documents at the place of work
The payment of benefits to children under 3 years of age is provided upon filing such documents at the place of work as a copy of the work book and passport of a citizen of the Russian Federation, a copy of the order indicating the beginning and end of maternity leave for child care. In the original, it is necessary to provide a birth certificate of the child and the application itself for financial assistance. The application is drawn up in the name of the head of the organization or enterprise.
The list of documents to the social security authorities
In order to submit an application to self-government bodies or to the social assistance service for the population, an official document must be submitted proving that the unemployment benefit is not paid to the applicant. As in the previous case, you need the original birth certificate and a copy of the passport. And, of course, the statement itself, it should indicate the method of receiving funds - mail or a bank account.
All documents can be submitted in person, by mail or via the Internet on a special portal for the provision of various state or municipal services. It can also be done by a legal representative. After receipt of the documents for the purpose, the decision is made for up to 10 days. A decision is provided to the applicant indicating the full amount of the benefit and the due date.
Compensation calculation features
As mentioned above, the child allowance for a child under 3 years old has a fixed amount and amounts to 50 rubles per month, a regional coefficient is also added to it. Most often, these payments are borne by the employer, they are not taxed. If at the place of work of the applicant such compensations are not provided or have not been made before, then according to the law of the Russian Federation the employer is obliged to pay them.
Suspension of benefits
The payment of child allowance is automatically suspended from the day the child is three years old or in the case of the dismissal of the applicant from an official place of work. Also, the subsidy will no longer be paid if the parent returned to the workplace and started working normally, that is, a full-time job. The exception is part-time employment or work within the home. Another reason may be the deprivation of parental rights and the formation of a child for full state support. There are a number of private circumstances that are not stipulated in the legislation of the Russian Federation. All these reasons for stopping the payment of monthly compensation are established by paragraph 17 of Presidential Order No. 1206 and Article No. 256 of the Labor Code (Article 3).
Families with 3 or more children
For parents who bring up three or more relatives or adopted children, additional subsidies from the state are provided. The allowance up to 3 years for a third child and each subsequent child corresponds to the minimum established in the region in which the family is registered. According to the data for 2014, the largest allowance is paid in the Kamchatka Territory - 16,253 rubles, and the lowest - in the Belgorod Region, here the compensation amount was only 6,432 rubles.
Terms of receipt
It is not so easy to get a benefit for a third child under 3 years of age for a large family. In order to apply for the payment of such a financial subsidy, it is necessary to observe certain conditions. Namely, the birth rate in the region where the family lives should be less than average. These statistics for each region are updated every year.
Since the law on the possibility of receiving such benefits came into force only on the last calendar day of 2012, the child, respectively, must also be born no earlier than this date. If the child is adopted from the first of 2016, and is also the third with his parents, he is entitled to financial assistance in the amount of a living wage.
Officially, it must be confirmed that the family needs the help of the state. That is, the average official income per person in a family should not exceed the value of one living wage in the region where it is registered.
List of documents
Below is a list of those documents that need to be submitted along with the official application for the preparation of benefits for children under 3 years. Such requests are accepted by state bodies of social protection of self-government, as well as in a single Multifunctional Center.
So what is needed for this? Of the originals, one needs the passports of the parents, both of which are mandatory, and the birth certificates of each child in the family or, respectively, the adoption certificates. You also need to get a certificate of employment for the last three months of the reporting period and a certificate of family composition. In addition, a certificate from the place of permanent or temporary registration. Be sure to provide the bank details of the card account or the account of an individual where money will be paid.
Parents with many children need to confirm every year the right to receive financial subsidies from the state. This happens by re-submitting the application with all the accompanying list of documents.
Due to the fact that the amount of the allowance for a child under 3 years old is critically small, and there is no possibility to support it, mothers often return to work when the child is 18 months old. It is up to this period that they can receive the full financial subsidy for child care. These laws are often reviewed, and it is possible that soon parental leave will be extended to 3 years in all regions of the Russian Federation.