Three years. The kid has grown considerably. And he considers himself an adult. After all, his speech is well developed. It is completely open for knowledge of the world, mastery of knowledge and new skills. The kid feels confident in his abilities. He is happy to take any classes for children 3-4 years old. At the same time, the child shows quick-wittedness, a certain persistence in his activities.
This age is also associated with the development of aesthetic abilities. Little flowers are admired by beautiful flowers, music, pictures, things.
The main tasks facing educators
Most children at this age go to kindergarten for the first time. This is a difficult period for any baby. After all, the familiar world is rapidly changing. The educator has an important task - to help the baby adapt quickly.
In addition, much attention is paid to the development of the child. Classes for children 3-4 years old in kindergarten are based on the alternation of physical, mental and creative activities. The great advantage of such training is strict compliance with the psychophysiological characteristics of age.
Along with the above activities, kindergarten teachers teach an equally important sociological skill. We are talking about the ability to communicate properly, readiness to make concessions, and manifestations of tolerance towards others.
Lesson objectives
All babies at this age are characterized by a craving for knowledge of the world, the phenomena occurring in it, various objects. It is very important that classes for children 3-4 years old be built in a playful way. At the same time, one should not forget that the baby should only be taught what he can master.
Correct learning is considered to be somewhat ahead of development. Thus, the baby learns those things that have not yet guessed, but is quite capable of understanding. Properly constructed classes for children give a giant impetus to the development of a future personality.
The main areas of training:
- development of attention, speech, thinking, memory;
- reading instruction;
- development of logic, inculcation of reasoning skills, ability to draw conclusions on one's own;
- learning the mathematical foundations, mastering numbers, counting;
- the formation of ideas about the world around the child, the development of horizons;
- teaching graphic skills, preparing the baby for writing;
- the formation of relationships with friends.
Class Recommendations
It should be noted that not all kids go to kindergarten. Moreover, each parent wants the child to develop harmoniously. Therefore, a rather urgent question arises - how to build classes for children 3-4 years old at home?
Great difficulties in this development will not arise if parents in their aspirations follow certain rules:
- Arouse your child's interest in the task. Only what is done with pleasure becomes useful. Do not scold the baby. With cries, you will only discourage learning from the latter.
- Do not leave the child alone with the assignment assigned to him. It can not only ruin (tear) a book or other auxiliary material. It is only natural that questions may arise in a small head that should be immediately discussed. And besides, the baby constantly needs support and approval. But this is the next rule.
- By all means, let your child know how pleased you are that he completed the task correctly. Seeing your sincere joy, the child will try with renewed energy.
- Think about a specific place to practice. The kid should sit comfortably at a small (strictly sized child) table. The correct chair is the one from which the little student kicks to the floor.
- If one of the tasks was too much for the child, leave him. Do not put pressure on the baby, trying again and again to explain a difficult topic. Skip such classes. For children, this is much better than without understanding the topic, agreeing with a parent ready to break loose at any moment. You can return to the difficult task after a couple of days. It is possible that by this time the child will "mature" for him.
- Dose your help. Do not replace the child in the assignment. It is not necessary to describe in detail what and how to do it. Give your baby the ability to be smart. If he comes to a decision on his own, such a skill will be deposited in a small head for life.
- It is very important to choose the right moment for training. Classes of children 3-4 years old should be carried out in a warm atmosphere, with great pleasure. Therefore, if the child is sick, hungry, tired or excited after other games, do not push on with school. Pick a different, more appropriate moment when the activities for both of you will be fun.
- When explaining the assignment, make sure that the child understands it correctly. Otherwise, repeat. If the baby thinks slowly, do not rush him. On the contrary, give time to carefully consider the picture and navigate the task.
- Have you noticed that the baby does not want to hamper himself with any effort? And only for this reason refuses to complete the task? You should gently insist. In this case, you can work in turn. For example, the first task you do, and the second - the child.
- Be sure to get creative with your studies. Fill your assignments with interesting content for the child. Ask your child questions about the drawings or come up with a short story.
Physical development of the child
At the age of 3-4 years, the baby is growing rapidly. Motor skills develop. There is great confidence in the movements. Children run perfectly, jump alternately on one leg. They are attracted to various gymnastic stairs. With pleasure they play the ball. Most of the guys with excitement ride a bicycle (tricycle).
Adults, planning classes for children 3-4 years old, must pay attention to physical development. After all, the main goal is to grow a harmonious personality.
For classes, you can use options such as:
- charging (with music, with rhymes);
- ball games (the child learns to roll, catch, throw);
- walking (you can use a log, slide);
- running (catch-up game, with small obstacles);
- jumping (hopscotch, jump rope, barriers, elastic)
- gymnastic stairs (crossbars, rings, ladder, rope are used);
- swimming, water games (best of all - in the pool, at home - in the bath or on the beach);
- dancing;
- outdoor games (here you can come up with a variety of techniques, for example, look for a hidden "treasure");
- riding a scooter, bicycle, roller skates.
Creative activities
All kids are happy to be included in the above tasks. How happy they are, looking around a masterpiece created with their own hands.
Classes for children 3-4 years old in kindergarten include:
- applications (using fabric, paper, natural materials);
- modeling (from salt dough, plasticine);
- drawing (with pencils, paints, felt-tip pens, pens);
- crafts (made from fabrics, natural materials, paper).
The development of fine motor skills
It is very important not to miss this moment. Many parents who conduct classes and games for children 3-4 years old at home, completely forget about motor skills. But in vain, because this skill is the strongest incentive for the development of a child's memory, thinking, speech and attention.
Great activities are:
- fastening, sorting (you can use ordinary fasteners, buttons, buttons, loops);
- laying out drawings or patterns (from pebbles, cereals, shells);
- games in the sandbox;
- constructors, cubes;
- various lacing;
- finger games (for certain children's poems various gestures are performed - clapping, clenching, unclenching fists and others).
Role-playing games
Psychologists recommend from childhood to give children a concept of sociology. These skills should be formed precisely in the process of role-playing games. For example, consider the importance of classes for children 3-4 years old on the topic "Utensils." Kids, especially girls, “try on” the role of an adult. This allows you to get certain skills that will be useful in the future. The impressions set aside by the children make it possible to form the right values - the warm welcome of the guests, the ability to set the table. And some have future interests and hobbies.
It’s easy enough to come up with a wide variety of role-playing games. Some of them:
- game (with baby dolls, cars, planes);
- Puppet theater (you can even stage your favorite tales yourself).
Logic development
As noted above, the baby is already smart enough. Various puzzles cause him great interest. Prepare in advance special material for these classes.
Recommended topics:
- the concept of "one - many";
- comparison “small subject - large”;
- familiarization with the concepts of "top", "bottom";
- long short;
- classification of objects (for example, groups - birds, trees, vegetables);
- high Low;
- color spectrum.
For such classes, it is advisable to use prepared cards. As a rule, kids are happy to choose “superfluous” from a group of objects, they like to look for changes in pictures. They like to find the right pair.
The development of speech, counting, reading
At this age, according to psychologists, it is already possible to introduce "educational" topics for classes. Children should be interested in the game form. Properly planning the "lesson", you can easily educate the child.
List of occupations:
- learning letters;
- reading;
- the study of numbers;
- item count;
- adding missing words to the poem;
- retelling of stories, fairy tales;
- description of the picture, subject;
- guessing riddles;
- learning songs, poems;
- listening to fairy tales.
The world
Putting in your child’s head the concepts of natural phenomena, various objects, you should not forget about instilling morality. Develop special activities for children 3-4 years old about kindness. Explain in a fairy tale language understandable to the child, why you need to care, help. Explain how to be friends. On the example of fairy tales, confirm that only good relations can overcome evil.
To introduce your child to the outside world, touch on the following topics:
- animals;
- family;
- seasons, days of the week, month;
- plants;
- space;
- geography (countries, rivers, mountains);
- purpose of objects (edible or not);
- measurement (weight, length, volume, height);
- human (accessible anatomical concepts);
- household skills;
- politeness, etiquette.
Conclusion
All classes for children 3-4 years old will not only help to bring up a harmoniously developed personality, but they will also bring incredible pleasure from the joy of communicating with the baby. After all, there is nothing more beautiful than to rejoice with the crumbs of his first works, discoveries. Especially if the baby "creates masterpieces" in life, showing love, kindness and tenderness to others.