After giving birth, most young mothers go on maternity leave and devote all their time to caring for the baby. However, the baby is growing, getting to know the world around it. At some point, he becomes bored at home with his mother. Every kid sooner or later has a desire to communicate with peers, to learn something new, to engage in any kind of sport. Wonderful conditions for the full development of the child are created in preschool educational organizations, where experienced teachers look after the children. One of the most popular organizations of this kind is kindergarten. Parents take their children there all day and can safely go to work, because they feed the kids there and put them to bed. But the most important thing: they are engaged in kindergarten with pupils. You will find out more about educational institutions of preschool education by reading this article.
DOE
The child begins to develop from birth. The first time he spends with his parents, and he receives all the basic knowledge and skills in the family. But the baby grows up, and parents notice his desire to communicate with other children. This means that it is time to start taking him to a kindergarten or kindergarten, which is now very much.
Directions to a preschool educational institution (DOE) are issued, as a rule, to children who have reached the age of three, but many parents begin to take their children to developmental classes much earlier. Numerous paid children's centers offer a huge selection of directions: drawing, rhythm, modeling, design, educational programs for kids and others. Many municipal kindergartens have short-term groups where parents bring their children for a couple of hours. This is especially true for babies who are still having a hard time parting with their mother for a long time. But they can withstand a few hours in the garden.
Kinds of DOW
Preschool educational organizations include:
- kindergartens;
- kindergartens in which priority is given to a certain direction of development;
- correctional kindergartens;
- children's centers.
Children in preschool organizations can stay full day (12 hours) or come there for several hours.
In groups of short-term stay, services for the care and care of children are provided, and in some toddlers they are also taught.
The main tasks of organizations of preschool education
The most important principle of preschool education is to strengthen and protect children's health (not only physical, but also psychological). The most important task is also the disclosure of the individual abilities of each child. It is necessary to instill a sense of security and self-confidence in him, because this is necessary for his successful life in the future. The role of the preschool educational organization is also to convey to every child universal values (beauty, goodness, respect). It is necessary to strive not only to prepare children for school, but also to ensure that they live a unique period in an interesting and fascinating way. The development of creative abilities is also a very important aspect of the activities of preschool educational organizations.
How is the educational process organized
The main principle of the organization of the educational process in the preschool educational organization is the "departure" from study. That is, classes must certainly be conducted, but in a playful way. The teacher should organize the training so that the children are active participants in the process. New material should be presented in an accessible form. The teacher must take into account the age of his students and, depending on this, organize classes. For example, experimenting with various materials (modeling from dough, sand or clay, and other material) plays a large role for babies 1-3 years old. Also, children can be fascinated by the following activities: viewing pictures, outdoor games, interacting with peers. For preschool children, educators organize role-playing games, because it is from them that the children will learn what is good and what is bad. An important role is also played by: motor activity, singing, playing musical instruments, modeling, designing, drawing, creating crafts. In Kindergarten children are taught to self-care and basic work.
Educational programs
In preschool organizations, care, upbringing and activities with children are carried out within the framework of a certain plan. Moreover, it is selected or developed by the team. This is not to say that some program is better or worse than others. Each has its own advantages and is selected in accordance with the principles of the preschool organization. Programs are divided into complex and partial. As the name implies, complex-type programs provide for the development of a preschooler in all areas, including: physical education, speech development, artistic abilities, singing, rhythm, design, speech development and much more. Partial educational programs focus on one direction (for example, physical education, rehabilitation, environmental education or mathematical abilities).
However, most often, educators are guided by several partial programs, which allows them to harmoniously and fully develop children.
Conclusion
The activities of the educational organization of preschool education are carried out in accordance with sanitary and hygienic requirements. An agreement is concluded between parents and the institution, which clearly spells out the rights and obligations of the parties. I would like to note that being in a preschool educational institution has a positive effect on children, because there they learn to build relationships with peers and learn a lot about the world around them.