Modern GEFs focus on the comprehensive development of the child’s personality, including through the theater circle. The program of most courses is aimed at making the educational process more efficient, rallying the staff of the institution, and raising the cultural level of students.
Who needs this?
Interest in theatrical art is due primarily to the study of national culture. In addition, observation can be developed in the game, schoolchildren and preschoolers learn to focus on specific objects, and the stage imagination will not hurt anyone. The theater group , the program of which is unique for each class or group in the garden, is thought through from time to time so that after visiting it the children can learn the features of theatrical upbringing and education.
Why is this needed?
The ambitious goals of any theater group include the following tasks:
- To expand the general artistic horizons of children and practically introduce them to the elements of stage literacy, the characteristics of a particular national culture.
- To form the correct ideological and aesthetic assessments of situations that are accessible to the understanding and age of children.
- To develop the creative abilities of children, to instill in them observation, attention, strong-willed qualities, imagination, and creative initiative.
- To instill in children a sense of collectivism, emotional responsiveness, the ability to feel and understand the beautiful, the exactingness of oneself and others.
An interesting theatrical circle can solve all this. The program, according to the GEF, should focus primarily on the ability to embody a work of art on stage, taking into account the rules of theatrical art. Consider several work programs aimed at teaching children of different ages theater skills.
Option 1
We suggest that you familiarize yourself with one of the work programs that are successfully implemented in the middle group of kindergarten. Theatrical activity allows children of this age to plunge into the world of fairy tales and magic, learn to transform, and this will have a beneficial effect on the development of children and their emotional sphere. Preschool children need to be introduced to the theater from the preparation and screenings of dramatization based on various artistic works, and it is better to do this using the example of fairy tales loved by children. The work program of the theater club in kindergarten involves attention to such well-known fairy tales as “Gingerbread Man”, “Teremok”, “Turnip”, “Snow Maiden”. Each fairy tale has its own characteristics, each has its own idea, and preschool children should understand it in the game, in a dramatization. Theatrical activity is an opportunity to influence the emotions and feelings of a child, and because of their natural sensibility, they absorb all the messages like a sponge.
Program objectives
The main goal is to introduce children to spiritual and moral values and to develop personality through theatrical performance. The main objectives of any theater group include the following goals:
- To educate the humane feelings of children, forming in them an idea of such important qualities as honesty, kindness, justice and their opposites - cruelty, cunning, cowardice. To form the ability to relate properly to one's and others' actions. To develop a sense of self-esteem, responsiveness.
- To nurture collective feelings. Children should be able to act in the moral interests of the team, behave correctly during the preparation and staging of the play.
- Develop creative abilities and introduce children to theatrical art. This is expressed in the acquaintance of children with different types of theater, stories about the features of the theatrical play, because the main task is to interest them in this action.
Program directions
The work program of the theater club in kindergarten involves the following activities in the classroom:
- Theatrical and game , the task of which is to develop the game behavior of children, to shape their ability to communicate with peers and adults in a particular life situation. In this block, the teacher holds games, exercises that develop the ability to transform, organizes theatrical actions, which allows you to develop the imagination of children, staged poems and fairy tales.
- Musically creative . At this stage, the teacher includes musical, plastic, rhythmic games that develop the natural psychomotor abilities of preschoolers. In this block, exercises are aimed at developing the motor abilities of preschool children, their dexterity, mobility, and sense of rhythm.
- Art and speech. This type of activity involves the holding of games, exercises that will improve speech breathing, form the correct articulation, intonational expressiveness and speech logic.
Much attention should be paid to the basics of theatrical culture. The program should help children understand what theater is, what its essence is, who actors are and what role they play.
How to work with children?
As you know, a child understands better if the tasks are presented to him in the form of a game. So the theater club in kindergarten involves improvisations, dramatizations. Contact with children is established through the great work of the educator, who conducts conversations with them, reads to them, watches videos with children and explains obscure points. By the end of the year, according to the Federal State Educational Standards, theatrical circle members in the senior and preparatory groups should name the main means of speech correction, show articulation exercises, pronounce the same phrase in different intonations, read tongue twisters, expressively read poems, be able to convey the character of their character and work a team.
The work program of the children's theater club involves the use of various equipment and additional devices:
- theatrical screen;
- Puppet theaters of various types: finger, cone, shadow, mittens;
- musical equipment - laptop, tape recorder, speakers;
- costumes.
Thematic Planning
Most theater classes last 36 hours - two to three lessons per week. In the curriculum-thematic plan, a lot of interesting things have been allocated - from acquaintance with the theater and its components to concepts of facial expressions, voice power and other interesting and informative information for children.
What about schools?
According to the Federal State Educational Standards, schools should also conduct classes in theatrical circles, and many teachers go further and combine literature lessons and theater elements within the framework of classes. Such circles direct their activities to the implementation of the artistic and aesthetic perception of children during extracurricular activities and comply with GEF. That is how the theater circle is held (2nd grade). The work program in this case is a combination of several educational programs. In the classroom, children will get acquainted with different types and genres of theatrical art, learn how the performance is prepared, and learn to evaluate the specifics of acting. The main objective of the course is to develop the personality of the child and his ability to work with the team.
The relevance of literary and theatrical circles is that it is possible to use theatrical pedagogy to develop the personality of a child, optimizing the process of development of speech, sense of rhythm, voice. The educational program involves an interesting educational process, when various areas of work are involved:
- The basics of audience culture are brought up.
- Performance skills are developing.
- Knowledge about the theater is accumulating.
The program of the theater group in the older group acquaints children with most of the concepts and knowledge, and at school this knowledge is improved, so that pupils can overcome psychological inertness, develop creative activity, learn to compare, analyze and draw conclusions.
Features of the program mug in the 2nd grade
The structure of the second-class program allows us to solve two questions. The first is educational tasks, thanks to which the intellect and emotionality of children, their communication skills through the children's theater are developed. The second is educational goals that require the development of artistry, the ability to transform on stage, which is necessary to participate in performances. The goals of the program are to ensure the aesthetic, moral, intellectual development of schoolchildren, to cultivate their individuality and to develop interest and responsiveness to the art of theater. The work program of the theater group in the DOE allows you to solve several problems:
- To introduce children to different types of theater.
- Promote the development of different types of creativity.
- Improve children's artistic skills and the ability to transform into images on stage.
- To develop a speech culture and aesthetic taste.
- Nurture the creative activity of the child.
Most of the time, out of 34 hours allocated to the circle of children, children will actively move, as rehearsals, performances are planned, costumes are prepared, theaters are visited, and the rest of the time they are thematic conversations, tales and presentations, memorization of texts. The program consists of several sections, each of which is aimed at solving a number of problems. Most often, the course involves acquaintance with the theatrical game and the basics of theatrical culture, culture and speech techniques and rhythmoplasty. By the end of the training, the theater group should give children different skills. The lesson program is designed so that students master a number of important and necessary skills:
- Be able to behave in the theater during the performance;
- deal with the types and genres of theatrical art;
- be able to easily pronounce tongue twisters and recite poems;
- be able to adapt to improvisation;
- build dialogs;
- match rhymes to given words.
As a rule, in classes all classes are divided into several sections, within which several classes are held.
5th grade
The program on theatrical circle within the framework of the Federal State Educational Standard in all classes is aimed at the implementation of artistic and aesthetic activities. Education allows students to gain knowledge about what expressiveness of speech is, to learn the main provisions of a realistic game on stage, to get acquainted with the elements of stage literacy. The relevance of such programs is that, knowing theatrical art, students form an aesthetic attitude to the beautiful, learn to see it not only in high, but also in everyday life. The main goal is to form the creative personality of the child through theatrical activities, to develop his creative potential and general cultural level.
The work program of the theater group in grade 5 is designed for one year of study, with the emphasis on the fact that children at this age can already memorize their role. That is why collective and group forms of employment prevail, which allows you to form a communication experience and a sense of team. But attention remains to self-expression methods - this can be achieved through:
- Role-playing game (children have to learn roles, be able to behave on stage, communicate with the dialogue).
- Speech culture (attention is paid to the development of clear diction, diverse intonation, creative imagination).
- Rhythmoplasty (the method is aimed at memorizing and memorizing the necessary poses during the performance).
5th grade course
The work program (grade 5) of the theater circle (GEF) involves holding one lesson per week for a year. Within its framework, children get acquainted with the collective, learn poems and tongue twisters. Their vocal data are revealed, for example, as part of the course, the song "Friendship" can be unlearned, which is performed by all children simultaneously.
As part of a section introducing children to acting, the teacher offers the children to pick up a repertoire for themselves, learn a favorite passage from a work, and then tell it at a reader competition. In these classes, children learn to guess the rhythm, get acquainted with stage gestures, learn to put a voice. All this is just a small part of what a theater group at school can give children. The program (grade 5) at the end of the course involves setting up a literary and musical composition, during preparation for which children learn poems, ditties, songs, and practice the intonational features of speech. And you can evaluate the knowledge and skills gained at the final concert, for which the teacher prepares each child separately.