Low blood pressure during pregnancy in the second trimester is quite common. It is necessary to pay special attention to this. It is very important to control the pressure during the period of bearing the child, since a sharp decrease in it can have a negative effect on the course of pregnancy and the development of the fetus. The main symptom is dizziness, weakness.
Treatment is carried out with the help of medications, alternative methods, massage. Therapy must be carried out under the supervision of a doctor to prevent complications.
Pregnancy Pressure Standards
It is generally accepted that high blood pressure poses a direct threat to women's health and affects the delivery process. It is believed that normally it should not exceed 140/90. For women, pressure is considered low if the level of the upper (cardiac) indicator drops below 100, and the lower is equal to or below 60.
The state of health is very much worsening, and it also negatively affects the condition of the fetus, so you need to monitor the indicators with a tonometer. Hypotension can occur in perfectly healthy women who before pregnancy did not contact the doctor with this problem. The gynecologist fixes deviations from the norm, and, if necessary, gives recommendations on how to normalize the pressure without drugs, or prescribes drug therapy.
When the 2nd trimester occurs, blood pressure that falls below the norm affects the tone of the woman’s body. Slow circulation in the uterus and placenta stops the formation of the embryo. Reduced pressure during pregnancy in the second trimester can be observed during night and daytime sleep. Its differences are mainly observed in those who like to lie on their backs. The fetus presses the vena cava with its weight, which prevents normal blood flow.
What pressure is considered low?
According to gynecologists, during the bearing of a child, a slight deviation can be considered normal, as it is provoked by hormonal changes. The norm of pressure during pregnancy is 140/90. If it falls lower than 90/60, then this condition necessarily requires correction.
A slight decrease makes pregnant women adhere to a more measured life, relax more, do not overload themselves physically and emotionally. In the absence of complaints and with good health, there are no special reasons for concern, but the condition of the fetus must be monitored. The reason for concern should be the poor health of the mother, which is accompanied by such complaints:
- frequent headaches;
- feeling of weakness and drowsiness;
- shortness of breath and rapid pulse;
- dizziness;
- increased sweating.
In hypertensive patients, a similar symptomatology can be observed already at a value of 120/80, therefore, it is impossible to establish general criteria for all women carrying a child. A cause for concern is the decrease in upper pressure from a normal level by 10 units.
The main causes of hypotension
The main reason for low blood pressure during pregnancy in the second trimester is considered hormonal changes. The woman’s body is in a kind of stress, and a very serious restructuring is taking place. In addition, there may be other reasons for the decrease in pressure in the pregnant woman, among which the following factors should be highlighted:
- stress, emotional strain;
- lack of sleep;
- non-compliance with the diet;
- unbalanced drinking regimen.
In addition to physiological reasons, the general well-being of a woman can affect the occurrence of hypotension. Low blood pressure during pregnancy in the second trimester is generally considered a violation of the functioning of the body. In addition, this may be a manifestation of the disease. The following violations should be attributed to such problems:
- pathology of the cardiovascular and endocrine system;
- kidney and adrenal disease;
- violation of the gastrointestinal tract;
- infectious diseases.
Hypotension can occur with prolonged exposure to the sun or in a stuffy room, prolonged standing on feet, and changes in weather conditions.
Symptomatology
Hypotension mainly occurs in the first half of pregnancy, and can pass after the blood volume in the body increases, and the woman will not suffer from toxicosis. If this is an independent disease, then it can proceed in 3 stages, namely:
- compensated;
- subcompensated;
- decompensated.
Stable or compensated hypotension is characterized by the fact that pressure indicators in women can stay on the upper limit of the norm. Symptoms of malaise or illness are not observed.
Unstable or subcompensated hypotension is characterized by the fact that the pressure drops below the norm by 5-15 units. A woman begins to feel weak and drowsy. Dizziness, headache, arrhythmia also appear. The woman becomes distracted, complains of memory. Her legs and arms may freeze. It happens that there is severe dizziness, floats in front of the eyes, and may even faint when the body position changes.
With decompensated hypotension, the woman's condition is very serious. The pregnant woman sleeps very poorly, her fingertips turn blue, fainting often occurs. Often hypotonic crises are observed. A woman cannot live a normal life and work.
In the case of low blood pressure during pregnancy in the second trimester, the following symptoms are observed:
- forgetfulness;
- headache;
- lethargy;
- increased drowsiness;
- distraction;
- passivity.
If such symptoms occur, you should definitely consult a doctor for a comprehensive diagnosis and subsequent treatment.
Treatment features
If low blood pressure during pregnancy is in the second trimester, only the attending doctor can say what to accept, as sometimes the condition can be critical. Such conservative measures are often taken:
- diet correction;
- change of daily routine;
- stress protection;
- physical education.
It is important to consume foods that increase or normalize blood pressure. You need to eat as often as possible, in sufficient quantity. In this case, food should be varied.
A pregnant woman should give at least 8 hours of sleep a night. It is also important to avoid overwork at home and at work. That is, rest should be sufficient, and a full sleep.
The people around should protect the pregnant woman from stress, but at the same time she should herself understand that unnecessary worries will not benefit her or the child. It is best to learn to look at things more calmly, and to leave some points unattended.
A pregnant woman should pay enough attention to increasing the tone of blood vessels and muscles. Small physical activities and walks will help enrich the blood with oxygen, cheer up and normalize well-being.
Drug therapy
Often, hypotension can be cured at home, but if the doctor prescribes medication, then this is a serious matter. A pregnant woman should be registered with a therapist and a neurologist.
If a woman normally tolerates medications without the occurrence of allergy symptoms and other unpleasant reactions of the body, then the doctor prescribes medications that can normalize blood pressure. However, only the attending doctor should prescribe them, since a negative effect on the fetus is not ruled out.
To increase the pressure, Dopegit is often prescribed. This drug has the maximum result, and also normalizes horse racing almost immediately. The medicine acts as a prophylactic, normalizes the well-being of a woman, fights hypotension, and also does not interfere with the normal development of the fetus.
Many are interested in why Dipyridamole is prescribed during pregnancy. This is a very good tool that promotes vasodilation, it is recommended for normalizing blood circulation. However, it is not enough to know why Dipyridamole is prescribed during pregnancy, since it is very important to choose the right dosage. This can only be determined by a doctor after an examination.
The preparation "Pantocrine" contains an extract of antler antlers. This drug has a positive effect on the state of the nervous system, has a good effect on blood vessels. Literally after a couple of weeks of its use, health is normalized.
Eleutherococcus tincture has proven itself well enough. Instructions for use and indications suggest that this tool helps to normalize blood pressure, and at the same time does not cause side effects. In addition, increased efficiency, strengthened immunity, and a woman is much less exposed to infectious diseases.
As stated in the instructions for use of tincture of Rhodiola rosea, this remedy is well suited to increase brain activity, brings blood vessels to tone and enhances general blood flow.
Dieting
Every woman who suffers from hypotension should know how to increase the pressure of a pregnant woman through nutrition. Fresh berries, fruits and vegetables tone up the circulatory system and improve heart function. Hypotensives can and should consume salty and fatty foods. However, this should be done without frills. High-calorie meals will lead to rapid weight gain, and excess salt - to severe puffiness.
They help to increase pressure and saturate the body with vitamins:
- blackcurrant berries;
- apricot;
- citrus;
- bakery products.
Sour-milk drinks, liver, low-fat meats must be present in the diet. Walnuts, dried fruits, various greens are very useful for pregnant women.
If a woman likes to drink coffee, it is better not to do it often, since this drink has a diuretic effect, which can lead to dehydration. You can drink coffee with the addition of milk. Many people are interested in what tea to drink during pregnancy to normalize blood pressure. It should be weak, since caffeine can tone the uterus, which is very dangerous. Good to consume green tea. Various jelly and stewed fruit are also allowed. A pregnant woman should drink about 2 liters of water per day.
Celery root has beneficial properties. It is also recommended to drink tomato juice. You need to eat often, in fractional parts. At the same time, protein foods and complex carbohydrates should prevail in the diet. A certain interval must be observed between meals, however, it is important to prevent starvation, it is better to snack as often as possible.
Assistive Therapies
At home, you can have aromatherapy, but with limitations. There are essential oils that are contraindicated for pregnant women in any trimester. Oils of such plants can provoke a miscarriage and complicate childbirth:
- rosemary, parsley, cinnamon;
- oregano, tarragon, myrrh;
- lemon balm, basil, cedar, chamomile;
- thuja, anise, tansy.
To stabilize the pressure, ylang-ylang essential oil is recommended, as it positively affects the functioning of the heart and blood vessel walls. Pregnant women are allowed aromas of ginger, citrus, lavender, patchouli.
You can keep the pressure normal with the help of acupressure. Professionally, a specialist can do it, and at home you can massage only 3 points. The first is on the upper lip in the area of the hollow, the second on the big toes, at the place where they are in contact with the next finger. On the hands, points that affect pressure are located on the little fingers.
They help to normalize the pressure of fitness, yoga, swimming, breathing exercises. If necessary, the doctor sends the woman to examine the internal organs to clarify the diagnosis. In the absence of other pathologies, it is prescribed:
- electrophoresis;
- massage;
- electric sleep;
- Ural Federal District.
All methods must be prescribed only by a specialist, depending on the state of the pregnant woman and the level of pressure.
Folk remedies
How to raise the pressure of a pregnant woman with the help of alternative therapy is of interest to many women, since they are effective and safe. Only together with the doctor can you decide on the use of folk remedies to increase pressure.
You can drink hibiscus tea with lemon. A day is allowed to consume up to 3 tbsp. tonic drink. In a 0.5-liter porcelain teapot, put 5 Sudanese rose flowers, pour boiling water and leave for 20 minutes.
Normalize the pressure of viburnum berries. They need to be kneaded in a mortar, then pour boiling water and put to infuse for 1 hour. On the day it is recommended to drink ½ tbsp. a drink. For 0.5 liters of water you need to take a handful of ripe berries. For taste, you can add honey to the cooled infusion.
Pregnant women are recommended a decoction made from herbs such as hops, motherwort, mint, lemon balm. All of them help to normalize the state of the nervous system and pressure, strengthen immunity.
The danger of low blood pressure
This condition is very dangerous for a pregnant woman. Doctors say that hypotension cannot be ignored. Low pressure leads to the fact that microcirculation becomes slower, as a result of which fetal hypoxia may occur, which can provoke a delay in fetal development.
It is proved that pregnant women with hypotension significantly increase the risk of spontaneous abortion or miscarriage. Low pressure after 12 weeks of pregnancy usually provokes a deterioration in the overall well-being of a woman.
Weak blood flow causes placental insufficiency, various abnormalities in the development of the fetus are observed. The food that enters the baby through the placenta is not enough, so the baby can be born with a pathology or weight loss. Circulatory disturbance in the pelvic area causes light contractions. In addition, this can cause detachment of the placenta and premature birth.
Prophylaxis
To prevent a critical decrease in pressure during pregnancy, certain preventive measures must be followed. A woman is recommended to do morning exercises, it is useful to douche with cold water, take a shower, make contrasting foot baths.
A pregnant woman should devote enough time to sleep and rest. Outdoor walks are recommended. They help to cope with the problem of playing fitball, dancing, swimming. Due to this, the tone of blood vessels and muscles improves. Pregnant women are advised to switch to lighter working conditions.
It is not recommended that you stand up too long, sit at the computer for too long, make sudden movements, or ride in crowded public transport. The health of a woman during the period of bearing a child largely depends on how correctly she alternates between work and rest.
Low blood pressure during pregnancy is a very common occurrence. It is very important to strictly follow all the doctor’s recommendations for its normalization, and then it will be possible to prevent dangerous consequences for the child. It is forbidden to ignore the decline in performance, since if the jumps are frequent, this poses a threat to the fetus and mother.