Reading fiction in the 2nd youngest group is a great way for the intellectual and aesthetic education of the younger generation. It positively affects communication skills, as well as the development of speech skills.
Significance of Preschool Reading
Collective reading of fiction in the 2nd youngest group allows the educator to discover through his poetic and artistic images his pupils the world of relationships and human feelings, the beauty of nature, the characteristics of life in society. It is it that enriches the emotional world of children, contributes to the development of their imagination, introduces amazing images of the literary Russian language. Such images differ in the mechanism of influence on the psyche of the child.
For example, reading fiction in the 2nd youngest group in the form of stories introduces children to the accuracy and conciseness of the word. Poems give an idea of musicality and rhythm.
Hygienic aspects
Reading the work “Moidodyr” in the 2nd youngest group is aimed not only at introducing poetry to preschoolers. Together with the children, the teacher identifies the basics of a healthy lifestyle, and forms hygiene skills in his wards. This work can be considered a reference book for the first acquaintance with human hygiene. Reading the work “Moidodyr” in the 2nd younger group can be carried out in the form of a puppet theater so that the children not only hear, but also see how to wash, so as not to be sloppy people.
Recommended Reading List
What is the best way to read fiction in a preschool educational institution? The second younger group (a card index of books can be composed for convenience) is distinguished by the use of a large number of poems, fairy tales, which will help the teacher to form a stable interest in reading for children.
The list of works recommended by the new educational standard includes Russian folklore:
- Tales: “Gingerbread Man”, “Teremok”, “Wolf and Seven Little Kids”, “Geese-Swans”, “Fox and Hare”, “Snow Maiden”, “Cat, Rooster and Fox”.
- Poems: "Grass-ants ...", "Finger-boy ...", "Squirrel sits on a trolley ...", "Rainbow-arc ...", "Magpie, magpie ...", "Chiki-chiki-chikalochki ...", "Like of our cat ... "," There are three hens on the street ... "," Dawn-zaryadnitsa ". “They lived with a grandmother ...”, “Shadow, shadow, shabby ...”, “I am going, going to a woman, to my grandfather ...”, “Tili-bom! Tili-bom! ”
In addition to reading fairy tales and poems, the preschool teacher also uses memorable children's songs to develop creativity and communication skills in his pupils.
For example, while learning the song “Ship”, the children form an idea of the sea, the kids get to know the world of professions for the first time.
Among the poetic works recommended for this age according to GEF, there are:
- "Poem with Puzzles" by J. Baltvilks;
- “Rain” by A. Bosev;
- “Hedgehog and Drum”, G. Vieru;
- The Tricky Hedgehog, P. Voronko;
- “Pencil”, N. Scored;
- “Who would rather finish it?”, “Masha doesn’t cry” S. Kaputikyan;
- “Swift-footed and Gray Clothes” by L. Mileva.
List of Prose Works for Preschoolers
Among the works of this literary genre that are recommended for reading in preschool institutions, we can distinguish:
- “Cabbage leaf” by E. Behlerova.
- “The Frog in the Mirror,” by D. Bisset.
- “Little Duckling” by A. Karaliychev.
- Ukhti-Tukhti, by B. Potter.
- “In the toy store”, “Friends”, “Games”, “Scooter”, by C. Yancharsky.
The formation of humanity
Reading fiction in the 2nd younger group, for example, folk tales, helps preschoolers get acquainted with the expressive Russian language, figurative speech, humor, figurative comparisons. With the help of folk tales, interest is being formed in the younger generation in the traditions of their ancestors, a sense of pride in their country is laid. A child who learns to empathize with literary heroes at a preschool age will not have problems communicating with peers, adults. It is in the process of reading in the younger generation that such humane qualities as kindness, sympathy, justice, care are formed.
What other significance does literary reading have? The second younger group is the optimal age for the development of communication skills, the formation of the foundations of citizenship.
Aesthetic education
With the help of an artistic word, children understand the beauty of the sound of Russian speech. It gives the children an idea of the moral qualities that a person should possess. V. A. Sukhomlinsky said that reading is a path through which a thinking and intelligent educator will find an approach to the heart of a child. It is reading in the kindergarten that promotes the formation of linguistic forms and verbal characteristics among preschool children. The second younger group is the time when it is important to formulate poetic vocabulary, emotional mood, metaphors, comparisons, epithets in the younger generation.
Reading functions
Reading literature in the 2 younger group performs an educational function. Child psychologists consider this process to be a complex mental activity that combines emotional-volitional and intellectual motives. As a characteristic feature of the perception of an artwork, one can single out the mental transfer of the hero of the work to real life. Educators often use role-playing games in the process of reading, emphasizing certain qualities of the main characters of the literary work in question.
Methods of acquaintance of preschool children with literary works
Why is reading to children so important in kindergarten? The second youngest group is the time when psychologists recommend developing imaginative thinking. In order for the book that the teacher reads to be interesting for children, you can use role-playing games, a puppet theater.
While reading the book, the teacher changes intonation, focusing on the positive and negative traits of the hero, highlighting certain plot lines. A mandatory element after reading a work is its discussion. The teacher asks the children questions, answering which, the children form their speech skills. They not only learn to express their thoughts, but also develop communication skills.
How to turn a gingerbread house fairy tale reading into a real spectacle? 2 younger group can take an active part in the "revival" of this work. With the help of facial expressions, movements, armed with soft toys, children can “read” this work together with the teacher.
Speech development
What other function does reading in the 2nd junior group perform? A list of those works recommended by the new federal educational standards is given below, but we note that all books should contribute to the development of communication skills of the younger generation.
The program of preschool institutions involves the formation in children of a certain category of words that denote the names of objects, elementary actions, phrases. All of them are present in literary works included in the DOE program.
Particular attention is paid to expanding the orientation of preschoolers in the existing reality. Short stories, nursery rhymes, and poems, which were examined during this period in the classroom, contribute to the development of active speech, the development of the ability to ask questions, and convey impressions of a heard work of art.
Role play while reading
Special classes in the development of speech, which are an obligatory element of the program in preschool institutions, imply the use of physical activity, independent role play. The use of visual aids: living and non-living objects, images, toys, pictures accompanied by words, cues, allows kids to enrich speech.
Works of folklore, artistic word, nursery rhymes, jokes, fairy tales - all this involves the use of visualization in younger preschool age. The teacher shows actions, movements, using toys for this. The child, listening to figurative speech, perceives the movements in full accordance with the voiced text, reproduces small excerpts from the heard tales or poems.
Of particular importance is the use of pedagogical methods that contribute to the development and improvement of the independence of preschoolers. Gradually complicated are the tasks that preschoolers must perform. For example, they not only listen to a fairy tale, but also must describe the appearance of the hero, list the qualities that he possesses. Similar tasks develop logical thinking in the younger generation, form imagination, and learn to observe and analyze the phenomena and events seen.
While reading books, which are complemented by bright and colorful illustrations, the teacher focuses the attention of the pupils on the image, asks the children to describe the picture. After listening to the work, the teacher offers the children to reproduce passages of the book they have read. In addition, in the process of reading poetry, the teacher uses the method of collective memorization. Children repeat in turn 1-2 lines of the poem, through repeated pronunciation they memorize a small poem.
Thanks to this method of work, the educator fully fulfills the task assigned to him by the FSES, namely, forms a harmoniously developed personality.
During role-playing games, children learn to communicate with peers, use speech to explain their own actions.
Conclusion
In order for preschoolers to have a stable interest in reading, it is important to include reading books by domestic and foreign authors in the program of preschool education.
For example, you can read A. Blok’s poem “Bunny” together with the guys, then beat him using soft toys. When the kids get acquainted with the poem by K. Balmont, “Komariki-Makariki”, the teacher simultaneously carries out environmental education of his children.
D. Mamin-Sibiryak in his stories “The Tale of the Brave Hare - Long Ears, Slanting Eyes, Short Tail”; "The Parable of the Milk, Oatmeal and the gray kitty Murka" pays special attention to the beauty of nature, the importance of caring for the world around. That is why his works are included in the list of books recommended for reading in the 2nd younger group of kindergarten.
What other works are included in this list? These, for example, are the stories of K. Ushinsky: “Vaska”, “Cockerel with his family”, “Lisa Patrikeevna”, “Ducks”, “Wind and the Sun”.
Works of A.S. Pushkin should not remain without attention in kindergarten. For example, at this age, children will be interested in his "Tale of the Dead Princess and the Seven Knights".
The list of children's books recommended for the second youngest group of preschool educational institutions includes S. Marshak’s poems: “Giraffe”, “Zoosad”, “Ostrich”, “Zebras”, “Polar Bears”, “Penguin”, “Swan”, “Camel” "," Eskimo dog "," Monkey "," Where did the sparrow dine? "," The Tale of the Clever Mouse "," Silent Tale ".
All children's books teach kids to respect the environment, other people, contribute to the formation of a harmoniously developed personality of preschool children.