The growth of a child at 3 years old depends on how intensively the baby develops. A constant increase in the growth parameter is a pretty good indicator of development.
Anthropological factors and their impact on child development
The physiological development of children is influenced by the following factors:
- nutrition of the child (in what amount he receives proteins, fats, carbohydrates, vitamins and other necessary trace elements);
- heredity;
- hormonal background.
Also, factors such as good care, physical activity, prolonged sleep, a favorable psychological atmosphere surrounding the child influence the growth of a child at 3 years of age.
In the process of growing up, the physical development of children is positively affected by sports, which are accompanied by frequent jumps (volleyball, basketball).
In addition, the growth of a child at 3 years of age increases intensively in the process of sleep, especially in the morning (when the child does not constantly get enough sleep or gets up early, this negatively affects his development).
Psychological factors of growth retardation
A huge impact on the physical development of children 3 years old has sex. In boys, growth increases faster than in girls. The exception is adolescence, it is then that girls often overtake boys in development, but then the boys still gain their own.
Puberty also plays an important role. When a large amount of sex hormones is in the body of adolescents, growth slows down (by the age of 18 it almost stops).
3 years of life can also be affected by climatic conditions.
Measurement Rules
In order to measure the growth of a child up to 3 years, use a measuring tape. This procedure is done on the table. Previously, the tape is straightened and well fixed.
The baby is laid on a flat surface so that the upper part of the head lies at the beginning of the measuring tape.
Then, pressing the knees a little, straighten the legs and measure.
To measure the growth of a child at 3 years old, you can use a height meter (this is a centimeter tape from paper). The child is taken off and put on the floor, while leaning his back against the ruler. The body should be straightened, the arms should be lowered along the body, the knees should be straight and the feet should be shifted. During the measurement, it is necessary to ensure that the child easily contacts the wall in three places: back (shoulder blades), booty and heels. We place any flat object perpendicular to the height meter on his head and make a mark on the scale by which we can easily recognize the height of the child. The table of standards allows you to judge the correct development of the child.
Weight determination
Weight can be easily found using digital scales. It is necessary to control that the child is located strictly in the center of the measuring device. The method of measurement depends on age. Toddlers are put on a diaper, after weighing its weight from the total indicator.
You need to weigh in the morning, before feeding, after the child went to the toilet.
The chest circumference is measured mainly with a centimeter tape, it is placed on the chest under the shoulder blades, the child should take it to the side of the hand. Then he must lower his hands, and the ends of the measuring tape are connected at the level of the nipples. At a time when the child is breathing evenly, make a measurement. For girls who have well-developed breasts, tape is applied over the breasts and measurements are taken.
When measuring the circumference of the head, the measuring tape is placed on the back of the head, and on the eyebrows in front. The ends of the tape are connected and get the result of measurement.
Assessment of anthropometric indicators using centile tables
The centile table is used to determine the degree of development of the baby, it divides the children according to the parameters of height, weight, head and chest circumference. Using such tables is quite simple and convenient; the results are easy to understand.
The columns of the tables show us the numerical boundaries of the signs according to the percentage (percent, centile) of children of a certain age and gender.
For average values or normal values, take the values that half of healthy children have, this corresponds to an interval of 25-50-75%. A table that contains indicators such as age, weight, height of babies, indicates these indicators, denoting them in red.
The intervals located near the average values are estimated below or above the average (10-25% and 75-90%). Parents can assess such indicators as quite normal.
But when the indicator is located in the zone of 3-10 or 90-97%, it is worthwhile to watch out and consult a doctor. When the baby's indicators are located in this zone, it is necessary to examine the baby.
Body weight of boys, kg |
Age month | Centiles |
3 | ten | 25 | fifty | 75 | 90 | 97 |
0 | 2.7 | 2.9 | 3.1 | 3.4 | 3.7 | 3.9 | 4.2 |
one | 3.3 | 3.6 | 4.0 | 4.3 | 4.7 | 5.1 | 5.4 |
2 | 3.9 | 4.2 | 4.6 | 5.1 | 5.6 | 6.0 | 6.4 |
3 | 4.5 | 4.9 | 5.3 | 5.8 | 6.4 | 7.0 | 7.3 |
4 | 5.1 | 5.5 | 6.0 | 6.5 | 7.2 | 7.6 | 8.1 |
5 | 5.6 | 6.1 | 6.5 | 7.1 | 7.8 | 8.3 | 8.8 |
6 | 6.1 | 6.6 | 7.1 | 7.6 | 8.4 | 9.0 | 9.4 |
7 | 6.6 | 7.1 | 7.6 | 8.2 | 8.9 | 9.5 | 9.9 |
eight | 7.1 | 7.5 | 8.0 | 8.6 | 9.4 | 10.0 | 10.5 |
9 | 7.5 | 7.9 | 8.4 | 9.1 | 9.8 | 10.5 | 11.0 |
ten | 7.9 | 8.3 | 8.8 | 9.5 | 10.3 | 10.9 | 11.4 |
eleven | 8.2 | 8.6 | 9.1 | 9.8 | 10.6 | 11.2 | 11.8 |
1 year | 8.5 | 8.9 | 9.4 | 10.0 | 10.9 | 11.6 | 12.1 |
15 | 9.2 | 9.6 | 10.1 | 10.8 | 11.7 | 12.4 | 13.0 |
18 | 9.7 | 10.2 | 10.7 | 11.5 | 12.4 | 13.0 | 13.7 |
21 | 10.2 | 10.6 | 11.2 | 12.0 | 12.9 | 13.6 | 14.3 |
2 years | 10.5 | 11.0 | 11.5 | 12.0 | 14.0 | 14.5 | 16.9 |
27 | 11.2 | 11.5 | 12.0 | 13.0 | 14.5 | 16.0 | 17.1 |
thirty | 11.3 | 12.0 | 12.9 | 13.8 | 15.0 | 16.3 | 17.4 |
33 | 11.4 | 12.7 | 13.4 | 14.0 | 15.6 | 16.5 | 17.9 |
3 years | 12.0 | 13.0 | 13.6 | 14.9 | 15.7 | 17.4 | 19.7 |
Age month | Body weight of girls, kg |
Centiles |
3 | ten | 25 | fifty | 75 | 90 | 97 |
0 | 2.6 | 2.8 | 3.0 | 3.3 | 3.7 | 3.9 | 4.1 |
one | 3.3 | 3.6 | 3.8 | 4.2 | 4.5 | 4.7 | 5.1 |
2 | 3.8 | 4.2 | 4.5 | 4.8 | 5.2 | 5.5 | 5.9 |
3 | 4.4 | 4.8 | 5.2 | 5.5 | 5.9 | 6.3 | 6.7 |
4 | 5.0 | 5.4 | 5.8 | 6.2 | 6.6 | 7.0 | 7.5 |
5 | 5.5 | 5.9 | 6.3 | 6.7 | 7.2 | 7.7 | 8.1 |
6 | 5.9 | 6.3 | 6.8 | 7.3 | 7.8 | 8.3 | 8.7 |
7 | 6.4 | 6.8 | 7.3 | 7.7 | 8.4 | 8.9 | 9.3 |
eight | 6.7 | 7.2 | 7.6 | 8.2 | 8.8 | 9.3 | 9.7 |
9 | 7.1 | 7.5 | 8.0 | 8.6 | 9.2 | 9.7 | 10.1 |
ten | 7.4 | 7.9 | 8.4 | 9.0 | 9.6 | 10.1 | 10.5 |
eleven | 7.7 | 8.3 | 8.7 | 9.3 | 9.9 | 10.5 | 10.9 |
1 year | 8.0 | 8.5 | 9.0 | 9.6 | 10.2 | 10.8 | 11.3 |
15 | 8.6 | 9.2 | 9.7 | 10.8 | 10.9 | 11.5 | 12.1 |
18 | 9.2 | 9.8 | 10.3 | 10.8 | 11.5 | 12.2 | 12.8 |
21 | 9.7 | 10.3 | 10.6 | 11.5 | 12.2 | 12.8 | 13.4 |
2 years | 10.0 | 10.8 | 11.8 | 12.6 | 13.4 | 14.0 | 15.2 |
27 | 10.4 | 11.2 | 12.1 | 12.8 | 13.7 | 14.5 | 15.5 |
thirty | 10.9 | 11.7 | 12.4 | 13.2 | 14.4 | 15.5 | 17.1 |
33 | 11.0 | 11.9 | 13.0 | 13.8 | 14.8 | 15.9 | 17.6 |
3 years | 12.0 | 12.5 | 13.2 | 14.3 | 15.5 | 17.0 | 18.5 |
When the baby's indicators went beyond the established limits of the norm, namely, the values of 3 or 97%, most likely, he has some kind of pathology, which is reflected in his physical development. When you have these values, only a doctor can determine the cause of a child’s developmental delay and help solve this problem.
To help you understand what a centile scale is, here is an example. We have one hundred babies of the same age and gender. They stand to increase growth, from the smallest to the largest. The growth of the first three babies is the smallest, it is considered very low. From 3 to 10 - low, from 10 to 25 - below average, from 25 to 75 - average, from 75 to 90 is already considered above average, from 90 to 97, according to existing standards, the last three kids with very high growth are considered high .
Conclusion
When the child lived for 3 years, height, weight should correspond to the normal indicators of the anthropological table. This will once again confirm the fact that it is developing normally, receiving proper care, observing the daily regimen and fully eating.
For the good development of the child, he needs to be accustomed to sports, work at an early age. The conclusion suggests itself: so that the child does not lag behind in growth, it is necessary to ensure that he respects the daily regimen, eats properly and is friends with physical education. As a result, physiological development will not take long.