Patriotic education of preschool children in the Federal State Educational Standard: lesson topics

Patriotism is a social feeling, which is characterized by attachment to the native land, people, its traditions.

Moral and patriotic education is a system of measures aimed at creating a sense of duty among citizens in relation to their native country, national identity, and a willingness to defend their homeland.

The relevance of patriotic education

The patriotic education of preschool children in the Federal State Educational Standard is quite relevant in modern conditions. This is due to the prioritization of material values ​​over spiritual values ​​in our society. However, the upbringing of the younger generation within the framework of respect and love for the motherland forms a morally healthy, viable population.

Preschool children are especially emotional, inquisitive, ready for empathy, they are in the process of forming personal guidelines, so you can most educationally conduct educational work. This is also facilitated by the special exposure of preschoolers to adult influence.

Goals and objectives

Patriotic education in a pre-school educational institution is carried out with the aim of fostering love for the motherland, a responsible attitude to the environment and people, and the establishment of a stable connection between generations. The formation of these values ​​occurs as a result of focused, systematic work with the child.

The patriotic education of preschool children on GEF implies the following tasks:

• the formation of moral and spiritual personality traits;
• the formation of a sense of pride in their nation;
• the formation of a respectful attitude to the national and cultural traditions of their people;
• the formation of a liberal position in relation to peers, adults, people of other nationalities.

Forms and methods of organizing work

The program of patriotic education in preschool institutions implies, first of all, the organization of internal methodological work in this direction. Since if the teacher himself does not feel a sense of love for his country, then he will not be able to pass it on to children, the teacher also needs to know how to most effectively convey the ideas of patriotism to preschool children. The methodological work on patriotic education in the preschool educational institution is aimed at improving the qualification level of educators, their pedagogical literacy. For this, thematic pedagogical councils, consultations, and mutual attendance of classes are held.

The second part of the methodological work is interaction with parents, the family of the child, since they have a significant impact on the formation of the personality of the preschooler, and it is important to tell them the main directions for the successful development of moral and spiritual values ​​in children. Thematic meetings, discussions are held with parents, they are attracted to the organization and participation in the activities of the DOE.

The patriotic education of preschool children according to the Federal State Educational Standard defines the methods of working with preschool children:

• arrangement of patriotic corners in a preschool educational institution;
• organization of excursions to the sights of the native land, visiting museums, exhibitions;
• organization of thematic events (holidays, matinees, competitions, contests);
• conducting thematic classes, discussions on the topic of love for the motherland, reading relevant works, memorizing poems, watching films, programs.

Every year, a plan for patriotic education is drawn up at the preschool educational institution, which covers all forms and methods of methodological and educational work. The approximate list of activities and topics of classes provided for by the plan includes: events dedicated to national and national holidays, sports contests, thematic classes to study the nature, features, traditions of the native land, state symbols.

Gala events dedicated to public holidays

Events on patriotic education in the preschool educational institution usually coincide with the celebration of relevant public holidays, such as Victory Day, Defender of the Fatherland Day, International Women's Day.

In preparation for the event, children will learn the history of the holiday, understand who it is dedicated to and why it is celebrated.

For example, in preparation for the celebration of Victory Day, you can carry out the “Dove of Peace” campaign, making together with the children white paper pigeons as symbols of peaceful life. To learn military songs for the event (Katyusha, Victory Day, etc.), poems of the corresponding subject. You can arrange a meeting with veterans or children of the war in the framework of the project "Such a different childhood: war and peace."

In preparing the celebration of Defender of the Fatherland Day, the boys form the concept that they are future men, strong and strong, the support of their family, the homeland, its defenders. On the holiday itself, you can conduct several different events depending on the age of the children, for example, a holiday-congratulation of fathers with poems, songs and dances of military themes, sports and competitions, a lesson-conversation "We need peace", dedicated to the army that protects our country.

International Women's Day is dedicated to the formation of family values ​​and the image of a mother, a woman as a guardian of a family, in preschool children. Traditionally, events on this day are dedicated to congratulating mothers and grandmothers. The day before, children make gifts for them with their own hands, developing their creative abilities.

Folk holidays

In order for children to perceive themselves as part of their people, they must be imbued with its foundations, understand its identity. To do this, in the preschool educational institution, they organize conversations and classes to familiarize themselves with the national way of life, but it is best for the children to master the information during the game. It can be noted national holidays songs, dances, good mood to join the traditions.

Celebrations begin with Christmas and the old New Year. Children learn carols, then go on a visit in groups, sing, receiving sweets in return.

The celebration of Maslenitsa can be organized during a walk, all children of the DOW can participate in it at the same time. The performance is attended by Winter, Spring, buffoons. Preschoolers get acquainted with the history of the holiday, its essence and symbols. Pancakes are the main symbol of Shrovetide, you can attract parents to make them, arrange a kind of fair.

Easter also has its own symbols. A lesson on painting Easter eggs is being held. There are many methods and techniques that give the child the opportunity to develop their artistic abilities.

Sport games

The patriotic education of preschool children according to GEF implies the education of a physically healthy person. Therefore, physical development is an integral part of the educational process. Sports games and competitions not only develop children, but also form a sense of team, unity of interests, strengthen family ties and traditions.

You can hold competitions between the same age groups on relevant topics, for example, dedicated to the Russian heroes. During the holiday, children get acquainted with Russian epics about the heroes, with their feats of arms. Such contests are held as:

• "Marksman" - throwing balls at the target.
• Tug of war.
• Fast Rider is a relay race in rubber horse racing or big balls.
• “The strongest” - pushing the opponents out of the mat with the shoulder.
• “Heroic help” - to sort the cubes of the entrance to the cave and save the beautiful girl.

A special role is played by joint competitions between children and parents. Celebrating Defender of the Fatherland Day for students of the senior and preparatory groups, you can organize a military game "Zarnichka" in which dads and sons participate in relay races, and mothers and daughters participate in competitions for fans. Such a game fosters a sense of collectivism, patriotism, forms an interest in performing physical exercises, develops basic physical qualities, and introduces you to the traditions of big sport.

Classes in the study of state symbols

Patriotic education of preschool children according to the Federal State Educational Standard implies knowledge of the state symbols of the country. To study them, appropriate classes are conducted, conversations, for example, “Love your Motherland”, “Symbolism of Russia”.

The purpose of this lesson is to instill in children pride in their country, to consolidate and expand their knowledge of state symbols, to introduce the meaning of the colors of the flag and coat of arms, to form simple geographic knowledge about their region, to foster a sense of respect for the flag, coat of arms, anthem, and to instill a cognitive interest in the history of their homeland.

Classes can be conducted using information and communication technologies. To do this, you need to prepare a presentation on a given topic, stock up on an audio recording of the anthem.

The sequence of the lesson may be as follows:

1. Introductory part in which children get acquainted with the geographical position and size of the country.
2. Acquaintance with the flag of Russia, the symbolism of its colors. You can play the game "Fold the flag."
3. Acquaintance with the coat of arms. The teacher explains the concept of coat of arms to children, conducts the game "Think and Draw the Coat of Arms of Your Family."
4. Listening to the national anthem.
5. The final part, which checks how preschoolers have learned the material.

Revealing the theme of a small homeland

Every corner of our homeland is unique and unique in its own way. It is important to introduce the child to the beauty of the nature of his native land, to his traditions and life.

One of the ways is to organize a local history mini-museum in a preschool educational institution. In it you can collect a collection of antiques that characterize everyday life, samples of folk art products (embroidery, napkins, tablecloths, charms, dishes, toys).

Another method of learning the native land is to conduct excursions, visiting attractions.

Informative lessons are also held. For classes, appropriate topics on patriotic education are selected. Children learn about their famous countrymen, about the history of the emergence and development of their native village, about the natural features of the region, and study folklore.

The systematic work carried out in the Kindergarten allows to instill in primary school children primary knowledge of history, the geography of their native land, its developmental features and formation.