A common cause of infertility or miscarriage is a violation of the endometrium, which is the mucous membrane of the uterus, which undergoes changes during the menstrual cycle. So, a pathologically altered endometrium during pregnancy can lead to abortions in the early stages, as well as to violations of the implantation process. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct an examination of the endometrium before conception, and, if necessary, conduct treatment.
Pathological endometrial deformities are divided into two groups: hormonal disorders and the presence of inflammatory processes in the mucous membrane. The causes of these disorders are inflammation in organs located in the pelvis, frequent abortions, a violation of the ratio of the hormones estrogen and progesterone. As a result of violations, chronic endometritis, hyperplasia, an endometrioid cyst, tissue edema, endometrial polyp develop, and pregnancy may be at risk, since normal development of the fetus becomes impossible.
The endometrium of a woman as a result of hormonal effects changes physiologically, so any hormonal imbalance leads to the development of hyperplasia. The causes of this phenomenon can be different: ovarian tumors, dysfunctions of the pituitary and adrenal glands, as well as tissue reception.
Thus, it is necessary to comprehensively examine the endometrium during pregnancy in order to be able to properly treat pathological changes if necessary. Diagnosis of the endometrium includes such research methods as biopsy, histrosalpingoscopic, microbiological, hormonal and histological methods, ultrasound, endoscopy and hysteroscopy.
Histrosalpingoscopy is performed if diseases such as polyps or an endometrioid cyst are suspected, and pregnancy develops with complications. An examination of the uterine cavity is also carried out for the presence of hidden diseases that ultrasound is not able to detect.
The histological method of studying the endometrium allows you to detect the presence of chronic endometritis, infectious or viral lesions of the mucous membrane, the development of hyperplasia and polyps.
No less common is such a diagnostic method as ultrasound, which makes it possible to control the change in the endometrium during the menstrual cycle, thereby making it possible to identify the development of diseases of the mucous membrane in the early stages.
It should be noted that in identifying pathological processes in the uterine cavity, curettage and further investigation of the endometrium are performed.
We can say that the study of such material as the endometrium during pregnancy plays a large role, as it contributes to the establishment of complex treatment aimed at normalizing the functions and condition of the uterine mucosa.
Treatment is usually carried out with the help of antibacterial and immunostimulating drugs, as well as medications whose action is aimed at normalizing blood functions and metabolic processes in a woman's body; hormone therapy may also be prescribed.
After treatment of the endometrium, the probability of negative consequences of pregnancy is reduced, and the risk of infertility is also reduced.
Thus, the endometrium during pregnancy plays an important role, since it is a factor in its normal course. It is important to study the condition of the endometrium before conception in order to reduce the risk of developing pathological processes and miscarriage. In the event that the diagnosis revealed any abnormalities in the development of the endometrium, it is necessary to carry out complex treatment aimed at restoring its functions and condition.