Residents of Russia with the advent of cold weather face the problem of a cool floor in the apartment. This problem is easy to solve by covering the floor with carpet. Carpets have been known to mankind since ancient times. For several centuries they were a luxury item in the homes of wealthy citizens. Although at the moment, everything has changed! Among the floor carpets, the leading position is occupied by the carpet. With this material, you can cover the floor in almost every room, except for the bathroom, while it is most often used in bedrooms and children's rooms.
Origin of carpet
The first carpet making machine was created in 1950: then the engineer Cobble thought that coating can be done with ease by simply piercing the fabric with a needle and thread. After various studies with a choice of materials, it was revealed that with frequent punctures of the thread, a fleecy uniform layer appears, resembling a simple carpet layer. Actually, in this way a batch of material that was not previously known, which was called carpet, appeared.
The carpet, reviews of which constantly attract new customers, is a high-quality carpet. There are people who think this is the same as a carpet. We reveal the differences between them. So, each carpet has a clear size. In addition, he always has a completed drawing. In the house, it performs 2 functions: an interior element and a heat insulator. Floor carpet with pile does not have clear dimensions, it can be purchased in different lengths, while the image on this flooring is repeated. It is easy to install, in addition, it has a reasonable price and great practicality.
Structure
The carpet, the photo of which can be seen in this article, consists of the following elements: fixing layer, pile, base (primary and secondary). The primary base pile fixes. Depending on the scope, it is woven and non-woven. In this case, the woven is made from polypropylene, and the second type is made from polypropylene and polyamide.
In the primary layer, the filaments of the pile are fixed firmly with an adhesive compound, which, in turn, is a fixing layer. It consists of a special dispersion material. The secondary base affects the wear resistance, elasticity, resilience, heat and sound insulation, slip and shrink resistance of the carpet. There are a lot of varieties. We will get acquainted only with the most popular.
Natural jute
This is an environmentally friendly material with a large list of disadvantages. For example, shrinkage from humidity, and this entails the appearance of an unpleasant odor, the formation of mold, rotting, and also the decomposition of threads. Therefore, the use of such a carpet is advisable only in dry, actively ventilated rooms.
Artificial jute
Its advantage is moisture resistance. This material does not wear off, does not change size under the influence of moisture, does not decompose, although after wet cleaning it requires complete drying, as it is prone to mold.
Felt
To date, this material is almost never used in the manufacture of flooring, as it differs in some disadvantages. In this case, a carpet with a base made of artificial felt with water-repellent and heat-insulating properties is considered an excellent solution. Its only drawback is the high cost.
Latex rubber
It gives the carpet a feeling of softness and comfort, even with a small pile and a low density of stuffing. Among the disadvantages, the point is made that this inexpensive carpet is very tight when laying to the floor, due to which the chances of its safe movement without damage are very small.
Types of Pile
Carpet is also divided by type of weaving. There are coatings with short pile, medium length and high. Material can be single-level and multi-level. The last version of the loop has various lengths that give the image volume. This carpet, the photo of which can be viewed in the article, certainly looks better from an aesthetic point of view, but caring for it is much more difficult.
Velours
This is a type of single-level coverage. This fiber in this production method does not twist, while the tops of the villi fluff, so that the surface becomes soft and pleasant to the touch. If the material has a color scheme of one tone, spots and dirty prints will be visible on it. But this coating is perfectly clean.
Frize
This is a carpet, reviews of which are mostly positive, with a twisted high pile. The villi look curly, maintaining their shape due to heat treatment. The most common form of it is a two-fabric carpet, which is made of loop pile of various thicknesses. Such material perfectly tolerates creasing. In addition, carpet print is very popular, as you can easily place any desired image on it.
Scroll
Such a pile is a mixture of trimmed and uncut loops, and even single villi. Because of this heterogeneous coating, it is interesting and beautiful. Very often such a carpet is laid on the floor because of its high wear resistance, which makes it possible to lay the coating even in the corridor.
Production methods
The manufacturing technology of carpet has still not fundamentally changed. Machines became more accurate and faster, materials became much better, a system of punctures arose, needle-flashing technology appeared, but the principle remained the same: the threads creating the pile and the warp. To date, several types of carpet are being created in production.
Needle stitching carpet
In this case, the base is stitched with pile threads. The coating produced in this way has loops on the front side, which is why such an inexpensive carpet is often called a loop. In this case, the loops can also be cut, creating a coating with cut threads. The weight of such a carpet depends on the number of stitches, the type of thread and the distance between the needles.
Needle-punched carpet
In the manufacture of needles are used, which have along the entire length of the notches instead of ears, when moving this entangle the fibers, due to which a whole web appears. Such a carpet, the price of which is very affordable (from 300 rubles / m), is inferior in appearance to needle-stitched, but is very popular due to its strength.
Woven carpet
Such a floor covering is made in the most expensive way, since the pile threads in it are intertwined with the warp threads, creating a very complex structure. This procedure is lengthy and complex, although it allows the production of the highest quality coating. Its cost starts from 700 rubles / m.
Carpet Production Material
The main material for the production of carpet is fiber. It can be artificial as well as natural.
Polyamide fiber is an incredibly dense and durable material. Such a floor covering retains texture and color for a long time, the pile does not crumple under the weight of the furniture, and does not wear out from heavy walking.
Polypropylene fiber is the only material with excellent antistatic properties. This makes it possible to forget that it must be treated with an antistatic agent. The coating is characterized by low wear resistance, as well as fire safety.
Polyester fiber looks similar to wool, although the latter is significantly inferior in all respects.
Wool has many advantages. These include strength, low thermal conductivity, elasticity and high fire safety. Reviews about this carpet can be heard not the best - many talk about its high cost, the accumulation of static charge, fear of moths and dampness.
Acrylic fiber has an average level of stability. Therefore, it is often used together with other materials that significantly increase its abrasion resistance.
Therefore, carpet can be classified as high-quality flooring. This material is considered durable and unpretentious - it will last about fifteen years without loss of quality. It can be placed in all rooms, except, of course, the bathroom, in which high humidity and dampness will reduce its service life by several times.
Carpet: coverage reviews
Today, if you want to buy a carpet, you can easily find reviews about a particular product. Many of them depend on the quality of the purchased material. So, some people complain about the high cost of a wool carpet, and when buying a cheap one - about the difficulty of caring for it and the low quality.