The separation of automated systems into specific classes according to their working conditions from the point of view of information protection is required for the development and use of certain measures to achieve the required level of information protection. The action applies to all applied and created systems of companies and organizations involved in the processing of confidential information. Choosing a method and means of protection should be based on the importance of the information being processed, the differences between the classification of speakers according to their composition, approach to information, and the number of users.
Types of systems
Consider the main methods for classifying speakers. In scale of application, they are:
- Local.
- Local.
- Territorial.
- Industry.
According to the mode of use, there are:
- Batch processing.
- Request-response system.
- Dialogue system.
- Real-time operation system.
Automated Information System
It was created to accumulate, save, update and process already systematized information in certain subject areas and to issue information at the request of the user; it also determines the level of confidentiality. What else can you say about her? This classification of automated systems can work independently or as a component of a complex system.
According to the type of information resources, the classification is as follows:
- Factographic.
- Documentary.
Factographic systems
The former can operate with factual information presented in the form of a specially organized set of formalized data records. With these records the system database is formed. There is a special class of software tools designed to develop and support the functioning of such factographic databases.
Documentary Systems
Documentary systems use informal documents of an arbitrary structure in a natural language. Among them, the most common are information retrieval systems, including software for the development and analysis of source data, the organization of the input process and further storage of information received, support for communication with the user, processing incoming requests and document arrays. The latter often contains not just texts of documents, but also their bibliographic description, sometimes abstracts or reports. In the process, search images of documents are used, which are formalized objects that reflect the content of the document. Then the query converts the system into a search image of the query. Then it is compiled with the image of the document according to the criterion of semantic correspondence. Another option of the search system is library complexes, using which electronic catalogs for libraries are designed, taking into account the information security of automated systems.
GIS
Also, geographical information systems designed to process data in space-time have received active development. Geographic information is used for integration. With their help, you can organize information about the area or city in the form of a set of maps. Each element of the kit provides information about one of the characteristics of the area. Separately, they are called layers. The basic one is the coordinate system in which all cards are registered. This makes it possible to analyze and compare data from all layers or in a given combination.
Separation of information into layers with their further combination gives great potential for these systems as a scientific tool and a decision-making tool, as it provides the opportunity to integrate environmental data of various types, an analytical analysis of the use of this information and information security of automated systems of this type. GIS can contain hundreds of layers with maps, arranged in a certain order with a demonstration of information about transport, hydrography, population, economy and other natural and social environments.
Such a system will be useful in a wide range of situations that require analysis and management of natural resources.
Currently, the term "information system" has acquired much broader meaning, partially replacing the term automated control system. In addition, IP refers to any AS that is used to work with information.
CAD systems
The named type of systems is intended for the design of products or processes of a certain type. They are used to create and process design information, select rational options for technical solutions, conduct design work and prepare design documentation, which also includes drawings. To maintain the process of functioning of the system, the library accumulated in the system with standards, norms, standard elements and modules, as well as optimization procedures can be used.
The result of the work of the computer-aided design system is a set of documentation that meets the standards and standards, in which design decisions for creating a new or modernizing an existing technical object are noted. Most of all, such systems are used in mechanical engineering, electronics, construction and others.
Automated research system
In recent years, this classification of AS has been used in the development and conduct of scientific research in complex natural sciences, such as chemistry, physics, and others. First of all, these systems are designed for measuring, fixing, accumulating and further processing the data obtained during the experiments, as well as for monitoring the conduct of experiments, recording equipment and the like. Often, for such systems, an important function is the planning of the experiment, which reduces the cost of resources and time to achieve the goal.
Also a necessary property of this AC classification is the function of creating and maintaining banks of familiar research results, especially those that are expensive and difficult to conduct. As a result, better processing methods may arise that can obtain new data from an already old experiment.
Another type of experiment automation is the task of automating testing with a technical object. A distinctive feature is that the control influences that affect the quality of the experiment are aimed at provoking the worst conditions for the operation of the selected object, which may not exclude the occurrence of emergency situations.
Any of the listed systems has its own means of protection against unauthorized access, taking into account the specificity of the information.
The listed types of information systems are actively used in the modern world. The development and improvement of existing programs for working with information is also ongoing. The classification of speakers is not limited to the above and can evolve as new systems are created.