A small child is essentially a tireless explorer. He wants to know everything, everything is interesting to him and it is absolutely necessary to stick his nose everywhere. And how much different and interesting the kid saw depends on what knowledge he will possess.
You see, if a small child sees and knows nothing but an apartment, his thinking is very narrow.
The cognitive development according to the Federal State Educational Standard in the preschool educational institution involves the involvement of the baby in independent activity, the development of his imagination and curiosity.What gives cognitive activity
In institutions, everything is created so that a little researcher can satisfy his curiosity. In order to effectively develop the cognitive sphere of the baby, the best option is the organization and conduct of actions aimed at cognition.
Activity, whatever it may be, is an important component for the harmonious development of the child. Indeed, in the process, the baby learns the space surrounding it, gains experience in interacting with various objects. The child acquires certain knowledge and masters specific skills.
As a result of this, mental and volitional processes are activated , mental abilities develop and emotional personality traits are formed.
In the DOE, the entire program for the upbringing, development and training of children is based on the Federal State Educational Standard. Therefore, educators must adhere to the developed criteria.
What is GEF
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The difference between the activities of children from schoolchildren is in the absence of certification. Children are not tested or tested. But the standard allows you to evaluate the levels and abilities of each child and the effectiveness of the teacher.The goals and objectives of cognitive activity
The cognitive development of the Federal State Educational Standard in the preschool educational institution has the following tasks:
- Promotion of curiosity, development and identification of the interests of the child.
- The formation of actions aimed at cognition of the world, the development of conscious activity.
- The development of creative inclinations and imagination.
- The formation of knowledge about oneself, other children and people, the environment and the properties of various objects.
- Children get acquainted with concepts such as color, shape, size, quantity. Toddlers begin to become aware of time and space, cause and effect.
- Children receive knowledge about their Motherland, they are instilled with common cultural values. The ideas about national holidays, customs, traditions are given.
- Preschoolers get an idea about the planet as a universal home for people, about how diverse the inhabitants of the Earth are and what they have in common.
- Children learn about the whole variety of flora and fauna and work with local specimens.
Forms of work on the development of cognitive activity
The main condition for working with preschoolers is to focus on their capabilities and develop activities aimed at studying the world and the surrounding space.
The educator should build classes so that the baby is interested in research, is independent in his knowledge and takes the initiative.
The main forms aimed at cognitive development according to the Federal State Educational Standard in the preschool educational institution include:
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After breakfast, the kids work with the nature calendar and in the living corner. During environmental games, activity and curiosity develops.
During the walk, the teacher can use many outdoor games, and there is an observation of nature and its changes. Games based on natural objects help better learning.Reading fiction expands, systematizes knowledge, enriches vocabulary.
In a kindergarten, whether it is a group or a site, everything is created so that the development of cognitive activity takes place naturally and naturally.
Doubt is the main argument
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After all, you can simply say that the tree does not sink, and the stone will immediately sink to the bottom - and the child, of course, will believe. But if the baby conducts the experiment, he will be able to personally verify this and, most likely, will try other materials for buoyancy and draw his own conclusions. So the first argument appears.The development of cognitive activity is impossible without a doubt. In the modern GEF, in the DOW, they no longer just give knowledge “on a silver platter”. After all, if a child says something, he can only remember it.
But to speculate, reflect and come to their own conclusion is much more important. Indeed, doubt is the road to creativity, self-realization and, accordingly, independence and self-sufficiency.
How often current parents heard in childhood that they had not yet grown up to argue. It's time to forget about this trend. Teach your children to express their opinions, doubt and seek the answer.
Cognitive development in preschool education by age
With age, the baby's capabilities and needs change. Accordingly, both objects and the whole environment in the group for children of different ages should be different, corresponding to research opportunities.
So, for 2-3-year-olds, all objects should be simple and clear, without unnecessary details.For kids from 3 to 4 years old, toys and objects become more multifaceted, and figurative toys that help the development of imagination begin to occupy a larger place. Often you can see a child playing with cubes and representing them with cars, then building a garage out of them, which then becomes expensive.
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