What is gender? The term implies the social gender of the individual, which is created through education. The concept includes psychological, cultural differences between women and men.
Gender education of preschool children
Awareness of their gender and identification with it occurs in the period from 2 to 3 years. Gradually, the child realizes that gender is always constant and does not change over time. The approach to the sexual development of babies is based on differences in appearance and the need to take into account socio-biological characteristics. The education of
preschool children in kindergarten and family consists in the special organization of
educational work. This is due to differences in the structure of the brain and its activity, as well as differences in the temperaments of girls and boys. In young female representatives, the
left hemisphere develops earlier, so they begin to speak faster, and rational-logical thinking is closer to a certain age. Boys are subject to violent manifestations of emotions, their mood often changes. Girls are closer to classes in small groups, and young men like competitions, joint, outdoor games.
Gender baby types
The gender difference includes the following components: cognitive self-awareness, emotional identity, specificity of behavior. Based on these components, gender types are generated that are classified. Which of them will be closer to the child depends on the parents. Consider the characteristics of children by gender types:
- A masculine child. He seeks independence of behavior, respects authority. More often needs to communicate with a significant man. Basically, these children are focused on achieving high results in certain areas, strive for leadership, love competitions. When communicating with peers prone to authoritarianism, do not tolerate objections.
- Feminine baby. Boys of this type have problems communicating with their gender. They do not show independence, initiative, are cautious and differ in dependent behavior. The child needs to be supported, to exercise faith in his capabilities. Often does not want to communicate with the masculine type.
- Androgynous child. The type is highly active in communicating with children of any gender. He is independent, often achieves high results. He tries to overcome difficulties without the help of outsiders. Masculine qualities are manifested in helping the weak and protecting them.
- Undifferentiated type. The child is passive, avoids contacts, does not strive for achievements. There is no pronounced style of behavior.
Moms and dads have a major influence on the formation of a gender type. Improper perception of the characteristics of their gender often occurs in single-parent or dysfunctional families.
The problem of gender education
We note the following series of reasons that affect the formation of the wrong image of your gender:
- Feminization of men and the emigration of women.
- Decreased feelings of gender differences.
- The increase in inappropriate forms of behavior of young people.
- Problems in personal life.
Gender education of preschool children is a problem. Basically, the training system is carried out by mothers, nannies, female educators, that is, is extremely feminized. The situation has a particularly negative impact on the development of boys.
Gender education for kindergarten teachers
Work with children in
preschool should be based on gender differences. So, in the educational process, it is necessary to take into account the different perceptions of information in boys and girls. For the former, it is preferable to rely on visual means, and for the latter, on auditory ones. When practicing creativity, you need to remember that in boys the movements of the hands behind the babies are one and a half years. Young men need to be given easier work or an individual approach. When the teacher evaluates the activities of children, then in this case, gender differences are taken into account. For example, the intonation of speech, the form of assessment, the presence of people, is most important for girls. For a boy, this is an assessment of the result itself, and not a way to achieve it. He is also able to perfect his work. Gender education of preschool children is not complete without a game. Boys are characterized by active, noisy activities, and girls are quiet, most often role-playing on family topics. Of course, educators are calmer when children engage in sedentary games, but this limits the development of the personality of young men. Role-based activities based on gender differences or playing the theater will be a good pastime.
Musical development
During classes of this kind, boys need to pay attention to learning the elements of dance, which require agility and strength, and girls - softness and fluency. The gender approach in the education of older preschool children takes into account the skills of a leading dance partner. Songs in which there is an indication of gender differences also contribute to the formation of the necessary behavior.
Sports development
Gender education of preschool children is also carried out in physical education classes. Exercises for girls are based on the development of flexibility, coordination. For example, classes with ribbons, jumping rope. In boys, the exercises last a little longer and the equipment is a little harder. Successful gender education of older preschool children is based on the fact that near vision is typical for girls, and distant for boys. Therefore, the latter need more space for activity. When you get acquainted with a new sport, you need to focus on its gender.
Parent involvement in gender development
The education of preschool children in kindergarten and family should be interconnected. Parents periodically need help in ensuring the full development of the child, and here they can turn to teachers. The teacher can invite moms and dads to participate in joint classes, which they can subsequently apply at home. To educate parents in kindergartens, stands are installed on which relevant information on the development of children is painted. The key to the correct formation of knowledge about gender differences is the holding of events with the participation of the whole family. It can be family talent contests, acquaintance with the professions of parents, sports.
Work experience on gender education of preschool children can be announced during parent meetings. Moms and dads, as well as teachers, discuss different ways of raising their children.
To summarize
The gender aspect in the
education of preschool children is an important and urgent task in the formation of future dads and mothers. Under the influence of social changes in modern society, traditional views on gender behavior are gradually being destroyed. The roles of men and women are often mixed, the boundaries in professional fields are blurred. Increasingly, dad sits at home, and mom earns money. Proceeding from this, girls become aggressive, domineering, rude, and boys cannot fend for themselves, are emotionally unstable and lack the skills of a culture of behavior with a female gender. Therefore, it is very important from an early age to lay children knowledge about the characteristics of their gender. This implies an increased requirement for the parents themselves, for their behavior and lifestyle. It is necessary to pay attention to the work of teachers in kindergartens, remembering that there the child spends most of the day.