Modeling is one of the first and most important types of creative activity of a child. Kids get to know her already in the younger group of kindergarten. Modeling in a preschool educational institution occupies a separate huge layer. And it’s not just that.
“The hand is the human brain that has come out”
Almost all kids love to sculpt. In the process, the child not only sees the result, but also touches it, can change and supplement something. Here, the main tool is hands, not a brush, pencil or scissors. The child will get acquainted with the stack, but a little later, and at first it was the hands that are an important component on which children's modeling from plasticine is built.
Therefore, the child begins to own his own hands much better after he is given the opportunity to create from clay, clay, salt dough.
Further, the baby realizes that from one bar of plasticine you can invent an infinite number of images. He acquires more skills, no longer mom or teacher show and say what to sculpt. Now the child is a creator, it is enough for him to have the simplest set for modeling to bring his ideas to life.
Why sculpt babies?
In the process of creating new works, the child gets used to the image and begins to create and create new and original works from plasticine. At the same time, the artistic taste is actively developing, ingenuity begins to work, imagination and imagination are given free rein, and, therefore, the spatial development is actively developing .
It's no secret that through the development of fine motor skills of hands is the development of speech. therefore, modeling for children is not just an exciting process, but also massage of the hands, development of fingers. All this will positively affect how the child will speak in the future.
Everything that develops during the molding process will help the child grow into a harmonious, creative personality.
Modeling in the senior kindergarten group
To the older group of kindergarten, children already have some experience with plasticine. They are already creating products much more diverse and sophisticated than in previous years. The muscles of the hands are already strong, so new opportunities appear when creating more accurate parts.
The psyche of the child also does not stand still. The attention of children becomes more steady, they become much more diligent. Now the child can already reproduce the image in the head, and then fashion it.
If we compare children of the senior and middle groups, then after six years the child is already able to sculpt dynamic objects, however, he comes up with the action after the product is ready. For example, it is intended to mold a cat. The child fashioned the cat, but the cat's legs are very apart. Here, the baby can assume that the cat is running. Then he will spread her paws even more. And if the teacher asks about what the cat is doing, then he, for example, will say: "She runs away from the dog."
Senior Group Program
At the beginning of the year, children in the older group learn to sculpt the simplest objects that they are familiar with. In this case, the bias is to create products from the total mass by pulling individual parts. At this stage, fruits and vegetables are molded.
After this, training in modeling begins in parts. From a single piece, usually taken as a basis folk toys - cockerels, dolls, whistles.
Further, the teacher makes a bias on the relative magnitude of the details, on a more accurate transmission of the attributes of the subject, on the strengthening of the parts between each other by smoothing the joints. Here, the child learns to establish figures vertically on a wide base.
Then follows the stage of learning to sculpt figures on legs. Since it occurs in the winter, children are usually offered to sculpt boys and girls in winter clothes, but there may be other topics.
The next stage is the image of animals, usually from one piece. Then the figures are supplemented with individual details.
It also provides for the modeling of dishes based on folk crafts.
Further, the program involves work on expanding children's knowledge of the world. Thus, modeling can occur in the older group on the theme of “Spring”, when children try to create animal figures in motion, scenes from fairy tales.
In summer, modeling lessons are repeated and consolidated during the year. Here, classes can already take place both at the suggestion of the educator, and according to the children's own plan. Children sculpt, based on observations, or with the nature proposed by the educator.
Spring theme
The third quarter of the school year falls in the spring. Here, the teacher can offer children a wide variety of topics for sculpting.
For example, classes can be timed to significant days:
- Shrovetide (modeling stuffed winter, making dishes for pancakes, pancakes themselves).
- March 8 (modeling of flowers).
- Cosmonautics Day (modeling of space objects).
- Easter (sculpting eggs and cakes, hens and chickens).
- Victory Day (crafts on military subjects).
In the classroom during this period, you can learn to sculpt flowers, insects, animals.
Tasks of spring classes
In preparing the lesson, the teacher sets himself a number of tasks that he must solve. Like any lesson, modeling in the senior group on the theme of "Spring" involves solving three main problems:
- Educational tasks.
Here the basic knowledge of the child about such a time of the year as spring, knowledge of spring omens, knowledge of migratory and wintering birds is fixed, the ability to give a complete answer to the question is formed.
- Developing tasks.
The development of sound-syllabic analysis continues, the development of the ability to coordinate parts of speech with each other, the development of fine motor skills of hands, the development of tactile sensitivity. Also developing logical thinking, the ability to analyze and compare. Developing attention, memory, imagination.
- Educational tasks.
The molding in the senior group on the theme of “Spring” helps to cultivate the ability to contemplate and understand the beauty of the world around us on the basis of puzzles, sayings, proverbs, feedback, and to cultivate accuracy in the performance of work. This, in turn, introduces children to folklore. The ability to listen to the answers of other children is also brought up.
Class materials
In order for the lesson to be interesting, rich, various materials are used.
- A variety of visual materials on the spring theme. This can be reproductions of paintings by famous artists, for example, “Big Water” by Levitan, “Rooks Have Arrived” by Savrasov, “It Happened in Spring” by Kryzhitsky, “Spring Landscape” by Berggolz, “Early Spring” by Endogurov, “Spring” by Bryullov. It can also be just a set of thematic cards depicting signs of spring.
- Various decorative elements are used to decorate figures and products: buttons, decorative pebbles, beads, twigs, strings.
- Musical accompaniment. Here you can use both the works of classics, for example, “Snowdrop” by P. I. Tchaikovsky from the children's album “The Seasons”, as well as other works (“Vesnyanka” music and lyrics by Z. Lozinskaya).
- You need a standard set for modeling: plasticine and stack.
The rest of the equipment is selected based on the subject of the lesson at the discretion of the teacher.
Change of activity
Preschoolers cannot be engaged in one type of activity for a long time, even as fascinating as modeling. Therefore, they need to offer various physical education, finger games and gymnastics for pens.
The modeling in the older group on the theme of “Spring” can be accompanied by the following active games:
1. Physics "Rain".
A drop of time, (we jump on toes, the handles are put on the belt)
A drop of two, (jump)
Very slowly at first. (jump 2 times)
And then, then, then, (jump 4 times)
All run, run, run. (run in a circle)
We opened our umbrellas (we part the handles to the sides)
They covered themselves from the rain (we put the handles over our heads, like an umbrella).
2. Fizminutka "Ladybugs."
We are ladybugs (jump)
Fast and agile! (run on the spot)
We crawl along the weedy grass, (pretend to crawl)
And then we’ll go for a walk in the forest. (we walk one after another in a circle)
Blueberries in the forest (stretched up)
and mushrooms ... (crouched, picking mushrooms)
Tired legs from walking! (lean)
And we want to eat for a long time ... (ironing tummies)
We’ll fly home soon! (We fly away our places)
Kneading fingers - finger gymnastics, which can be applied in spring modeling classes:
1. Finger gymnastics "Spring".
Spring has just glanced at us - (we pull the handles in front of us)
Dipped a palm in the snow (handles down)
And the tender blossomed there, (we make a bud from our palms)
Small snowdrop (slowly open the fingers, simulating the opening of the bud)
2. Finger gymnastics "Grain".
They planted a seed (press the index finger into the center of the palm)
The sun came out. (squeeze and unclench the handles)
The sun, shine - shine!
Grain, grow - grow! (Connect the palms together, move the handles up)
Leaflets appear, (We connect palms together, fingers alternately touch the thumb)
Flowers bloom. (Squeeze and unclench the hands)