The operation of any computer is provided by one small device (microcircuit), which is called the central processor. This is a silicon substrate with layers deposited on it containing structural elements: an arithmetic logic device (for data processing), a control device (for determining the order of execution of commands), registers (for storing data), an internal cache memory (to speed up the exchange with operational memory), internal bus (for transferring information between the functional parts of the processor), etc.
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