Unfortunately, in the lives of girls and women there are situations when pregnancy must be terminated. This happens due to health indicators, and sometimes due to life circumstances. None of us has the right to blame a woman who voluntarily took this step, since only she knows the reason for this behavior. In order for a woman to cause minimal harm to her health, she must be aware of all the features of this procedure. In the article we will consider what types of abortions are and what their consequences are in the future.
Surgical abortion
Surgical abortion can be performed for up to 13 weeks (depending on indicators). After such a procedure, a woman can go home on the same day. However, she must be under the supervision of doctors for several hours so that they can monitor her condition and, if necessary, provide emergency assistance.
If a girl who did not give birth before has decided on a surgical abortion, then a special dilator from kelp is placed beforehand, which is located for about four hours in the cervical canal. During this time, it swells and thereby expands this channel, which greatly facilitates the work of the doctor. But such a method is rarely resorted to, mostly closer to week 12, when other methods cannot be used.
Vacuum Abortion
Previously, a woman should be warned that, starting at twelve in the morning and before the procedure itself, she should not eat anything. This is primarily due to the fact that she will be given general or local anesthesia. In any case, she will not feel anything. Most often, with this type of abortion, they resort to local anesthesia, but much here depends on the patient's desire and indicators.
The process itself takes only ten minutes. After that, the girl is transferred to the ward, where she stays for several hours under the close supervision of specialists. For some time, a woman may be accompanied by periodic pain in the abdomen. This is due to the fact that the uterus has already begun to increase, and after abortion, it begins to contract sharply. In addition, minor bleeding may occur within ten days, which is not as profuse as regular menstruation. Cases of infertility after this type of abortion in the early stages are extremely rare.
Medical abortion
The safest type of abortion is considered medical. However, it also has a few buts. It is often prescribed to women who have previously given birth. It can be carried out only up to nine weeks of pregnancy, if you start the countdown from the first day of the last menstruation.
When you come to the doctor early with the decision to terminate the pregnancy, he can offer you several options for resolving your issue. If you settled on a form such as medical abortion, then you must follow all the doctor’s instructions on time. To begin with, you will be prescribed an ultrasound examination to accurately determine the gestational age. Then you will be assigned the time of the visit to the doctor to take the pill, which will cause a miscarriage. After taking this pill, there will be no turning back. After two days, you simply must return to the hospital again to take the second pill. Its task is to stimulate uterine contractions.
Within a few hours after taking the second pill, you will begin bleeding, during which the fetus should come out. At this time, and for about six hours, it is better to be under the supervision of a doctor, since there were cases when women had too much bleeding and needed help. After the onset of bleeding, severe pain in the lower abdomen is possible - these are uterine contractions. You can take various painkillers, as some patients complain of severe cramping. And someone has any pain completely absent.
After 2-3 weeks, a woman should come to see a doctor so that he checks whether the uterus has contracted, if inflammation has begun, or if there are particles of the fetus, which is extremely rare.
Late abortion
The types of abortions and the timing vary greatly according to the testimony that the girl has. But there are late abortions. When the thirteenth week of pregnancy ends, conducting the above types of operations is strictly prohibited. Otherwise, the uterus or cervix may be severely damaged. In such cases, the abortion procedure can be carried out in several stages.
Preparatory
The first stage, as with surgical abortion, is the softening of the cervical canal, which is necessary to extract the fetus. But here this process takes already not four hours, but from 12 to 36 hours, depending on the term and indicators.
After the introduction, a woman can go home and then arrive at the appointed time, and can remain in the clinic. This procedure is completely painless. And it is also important to know that not every clinic conducts it.
Main
Next, the second stage is carried out, at which doctors are tasked to stimulate uterine contractions. For this, there are special drugs that can be administered with a dropper, through the cervical canal or directly into the uterus through the abdominal wall. There is an alternative option for administering the pill through the vagina, which is the simplest and least painful.
After the introduction of the drug, active contractions of the uterus begin, which leads to the expulsion of the fetus. This process can be extremely painful and lengthy. Sometimes it lasts more than 40 hours. In addition to pain, a woman may experience nausea and even vomiting. In order to facilitate her fate, various local painkillers can be administered.
Final
In the third stage, doctors remove the placenta. In most cases, with a late abortion, only two stages are performed, since the placenta leaves with the fetus. But there are cases where the exit of the fetus is delayed or a woman begins to bleed heavily. And also, cases where the placenta does not come out completely are possible. With such indicators, scraping of its residues is carried out. This procedure is painless, as it is performed under local or general anesthesia.
After such an abortion, the mammary glands can produce milk, which must be reported to the doctor. In such cases, special drugs are prescribed that stop the lactation process.
Consequences of abortion
It should be said about various infections that can get into the uterus during surgery. Even if the abortion was performed under absolutely sterile conditions, the risk of infection remains. If even before the operation the woman had any gynecological diseases, the risk of infection increases. From the uterus, the infection can quickly enter the general bloodstream, and more serious problems come up from here, up to blood poisoning. This is especially common if the abortion is done outside the hospital setting.
Quite often bleeding opens. They can be insignificant and end on their own, but can be quite plentiful. If you do not help a woman with bleeding after an abortion, then her uterus may even be removed.
During the operation, the cervix has to be artificially expanded. The longer the gestation period, the more expansion is done. In the process, it can be badly damaged. In the future, this can cause miscarriages.
Infertility is the main danger of abortion. It occurs due to the fact that during curettage, scars form on the walls of the uterus, which then block special channels through which embryos can enter the uterus. As a result, pregnancy does not occur. It is good if the embryos simply die at this stage, but most of them can attach to the walls of the cervix and cause an ectopic pregnancy. Within a few weeks, a neck rupture occurs and the woman needs urgent surgery. Also important is the fact that with a previous ectopic pregnancy, the risk of its recurrence increases sharply.
Of the most harmless consequences, hormonal disturbances and an irregular cycle of menstruation can be distinguished. These effects are easily eliminated with drugs.
Prevention of abortion disorders
When we figured out the abortion, the types and consequences of these operations, it is necessary to talk about how to prevent various disorders in the body after this procedure.
The first week after an abortion, you need to measure your body temperature daily, try not to get cold, and eliminate significant physical exertion. In case you observe an increased body temperature or severe pain in the lower abdomen, spotting, these are serious reasons to immediately seek help from a specialist.
For the first two weeks, refrain from taking a bath or swimming in the pool. In addition, it is better not to have sex until the first menstruation after surgery. This is a good prevention of getting various genital infections on the wound.
After 14 days after the operation, you must visit your gynecologist and undergo an ultrasound scan. Consult with a specialist about methods of contraception. If some time after the abortion you decide to give birth, then consult with a gynecologist in advance, who will help you develop an individual scheme for preparing for conception.
Postabortion depression
It has long been known that abortion has a negative effect not only on the physical condition of a woman, but also on her psyche. Girls are very worried about this process, regardless of whether she voluntarily went for this operation or for medical reasons. There are some symptoms by which you can easily determine that a woman needs psychological help:
- the woman dreams about the operation she has undergone, she returns to this day from time to time, recalls the child;
- she experiences severe psychological pain, anxiety, if she passes by the clinic or, in her presence, it comes to pregnancy, her termination;
- she recalls the date of the operation and counts the elapsed time, and perhaps waits for the date when the baby was supposed to be born;
- mental amnesia, when a woman refuses to remember that very day or any facts from it.
But there are other symptoms that leave an imprint on the physical condition:
- Bad sleep, frequent insomnia.
- A woman cannot concentrate her attention on one thing, she is often nervous for no reason, she is aggressive.
- Apathy, thoughts of suicide.
- A woman cannot forgive herself, periodically blames her deed.
- There are cases when women begin to abuse alcohol and smoke.
- Lost appetite, some can not stop their hunger.
Output
As you can see, there are several ways to terminate a pregnancy and each of them has its own characteristics and consequences. It is almost impossible to avoid the effects of abortion. At least one of the items listed is observed in women who have had an abortion. If you decide to perform such an operation voluntarily, then several times consider your decision. And if there were medical indications for this, then do not focus on this event, but immediately think about treatment and planning for a future, this time necessarily healthy and successful pregnancy.