Any processes of reality can be digitized. So, the encoding of audio information using computers is performed as follows:
- air vibrations are recorded by sensitive instruments;
- they are converted into an electric current in which the frequency (amplitude) changes accordingly;
- the received current is digitized, that is, it is sampled (it is sometimes said that binary coding of audio information takes place).
The resulting electronic analogue of the original sound stream the better, the higher the sampling frequency at sampling and the coding depth.
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- Sampling of amplitude values at certain intervals. As a result, the analog signal is represented by a sequence of unit discharges of various intensities (discretization).
- Replacing the values of the received digits with their nearest values from a fixed set (quantization).
- Conversion of each quantized value by the conditional number of the quantization level (each value has its own serial number). This is the last stage of digitization.