Ionization of air occurs as a result of the detachment of an electron from the gaseous substance that is part of the molecule. As a result, two differently charged particles, ions, are formed. Connecting with each other, they form positively or negatively infected complexes. They are called aerons and are distinguished in three categories: heavy, medium, light. The presence of such formations in the air that a person breathes significantly affects his health.
In nature, air is most ionized in pine and spruce forests, in the mountains and at sea. Hippocrates also noted the beneficial effects of sea and mountain air on human health. He laid the foundation for a new direction in the treatment and prevention of diseases - aerotherapy.
Air ionization occurs under the influence of external factors, natural or artificial. In nature, aerons are formed as a result of a thunderstorm (atmospheric electricity), cosmic radiation, the presence in the surrounding space of radioactive elements, for example, radon. Ionization is mainly carried out by nitrogen and oxygen molecules. In nature, the air always contains positive and negative ions. Therefore, a person must breathe ionized air. Air containing no aerons is “dead” to us.
Indoor oxygen is much less ionized, in addition, it is poisoned by harmful chemical compounds surrounding the human equipment and aerosol products. Air conditioners and air ventilation systems in buildings also reduce the amount of aerons. Therefore, air ionizers have become very popular . But you need to use these devices very carefully.
Air ionization should be carried out taking into account all environmental factors. First of all, you need to consider the composition of aerons. If the number of positively charged particles is greater, this will lead to an increase in diseases in people often in this room. Mostly negative oxygen ions have a positive effect. But with their high content, this can lead to breakdown of electrical devices, as electrostatic charges are formed on objects. In small humid rooms with a lot of people and dust, ionizers form heavy aerons that accumulate in the airways.
Let us consider in more detail what ionization of indoor air is and how it is carried out. Devices, acting on gas molecules, increase the concentration of aerons. Negatively charged particles, acting on dust and microorganisms in the air, also charge them. They, moving along the lines of force, settle on the walls, ceiling, floor and objects in the room. Thus, the air is purified.
The first inventor of the ionizer was A.L. Chizhevsky. His device was tested in the 20s of the last century. Now many options have been developed for devices that improve the indoor microclimate. They can solve both one problem - ionization of the air, and the whole complex.
The most common are complex ionizing devices and air purifiers. Special dust collectors are installed in the devices, they can be used around the clock. An ionizing air humidifier not only cleans the air, but also moisturizes it. This is especially significant in the winter season, when the apartments include heating.
When choosing a device, specify the list of tasks that it will solve. Carefully read instructions will increase the period of use of the device. In addition, getting rid of dust in the air, you need to remember that the ionizer does not completely destroy it. Periodic wet cleaning of the floor and walls is necessary.