Premature detachment of the placenta during pregnancy implies its detachment ahead of time, that is, before the birth process begins. It poses a danger to the further development of the fetus, because it is the main connecting link between the mother's body and the embryo. When exfoliating, the substances necessary for development, as well as oxygen in the right amount, do not enter the fetus.
It can occur at any stage of pregnancy. But if in the first trimester there is a possibility that with the growth and development of the fetus, the placenta will increase and make up for the functions lost during detachment, then in the later stages unpleasant consequences can occur.
Until now, disputes over the causes of such a pathology do not stop. Many believe that among the main reasons can be called alcohol abuse, smoking and unhealthy diet. So far, this is just speculation, since no scientific evidence has been found. It is known for certain that most often placental detachment during pregnancy occurs in women suffering from toxicosis in late pregnancy, as well as arterial hypertension, as the vessels undergo significant changes.
External factors can become the instigators of pathology, for example, a strong blow to the abdomen sometimes causes placental abruption. The presence of polyhydramnios or multiple pregnancy is no exception , since intrauterine pressure decreases. It is encouraging that placental abruption is not so common during pregnancy: in one woman out of 120. But almost 15% of these cases result in fetal death, since it is extremely difficult to prevent pathology in the later stages.
If detachment occurs, the pregnant woman at any time experiences pain in the abdomen, bleeding begins. In this case, there are three stages of this pathology. At the first stage, placental abruption occurs during pregnancy no more than 1/3. In this case, the vital activity of the fetus may persist. The second stage involves the detachment of half of the placenta, then the life of the future baby is at risk, he may die in the womb from a lack of oxygen. Further progression of this situation enters the third stage, and then save the child will not succeed.
Thus, if a woman is tormented by constant pain in the lower abdomen, spotting, general fatigue or immobility of the fetus in the later stages, you should immediately make an appointment with a doctor, because a specialist can prevent the situation from aggravating and make an accurate diagnosis. Thickening of the placenta during pregnancy or its detachment is quickly detected using ultrasound.
When diagnosing this pathology in the late pregnancy, childbirth is always carried out, since further stay in the womb is dangerous. If placental abruption during pregnancy is negligible, then a specialist can allow natural birth. With advanced pathology, it is necessary to have a cesarean section urgently.
Detachment of the placenta can occur during childbirth, for example, with multiple pregnancy, since the walls of the uterus are too distended and are in constant tension. After the birth of the first baby, the connection between the placenta and the uterus may be disrupted. Uterine tension is also observed with polyhydramnios, in this case, after delivery, the pressure decreases and the placenta disconnects. As a rule, any doctor diagnoses delamination during childbirth by the color of amniotic fluid.
If detachment provoked the death of the fetus, then this does not mean that you should not try. Just during subsequent pregnancy, you should understand that there is a risk of a recurrence of the situation, and it is higher than that of others. It is necessary to approach a new pregnancy more responsibly and be regularly examined by the attending physician.