The third trimester of pregnancy is the most difficult and anxious in the life of any woman. On the one hand, the lady is looking forward to the birth of her unborn child and is preparing for childbirth. On the other hand, there is a significant weight gain. Strengths and nerves are running out. Pain in the back, heaviness in the legs and other discomfort are felt. On top of that, thrush can occur. During pregnancy (3 trimester), treatment should be prescribed with caution, since most drugs are prohibited.
What is thrush?
Thrush, or candidiasis, is a fungal infection caused by fungi belonging to the genus Candida. Most commonly found is Candida albicans. This type of microorganism is classified as opportunistic.
As a rule, Candida bacteria are present in any human body. They are part of the microflora of the oral cavity, colon and vagina. With reduced immunity, Candida fungus multiplies in large quantities and becomes a pathogenic microorganism.
Can there be a thrush during pregnancy? Thousands of women who have faced this problem are asking themselves this question. Sure, yes. After all, a woman's immunity decreases, and the body is unable to fully resist the growth of pathogenic bacteria. Thrush during pregnancy (3 trimester) treatment requires specific, and a woman in this difficult period should be under the constant supervision of a gynecologist.
Symptoms of the disease
Thrush affects up to five percent of all women (both pregnant and not expecting a baby). During pregnancy, candidiasis occurs mainly in the 3rd trimester. Often accompanied by the following symptoms:
- itching in the vagina;
- the presence of whites resembling curd flakes;
- nervousness;
- insomnia;
- cramping and burning during urination;
- pain during intercourse;
- bad smell reminiscent of rotten fish.
A gynecologist, upon examination, sees the redness and swelling of the genital organs, the inflammatory process. In a difficult situation, microcracks, erosion and scratching in the perineum may appear.
Thrush during pregnancy (3 trimester) treatment requires immediate treatment. And for an experienced doctor, one glance is enough to establish a diagnosis.
Causes of candidiasis
For various reasons, thrush can appear during pregnancy (3 trimester). Treatment during this period should be prescribed and supervised by a doctor. The main factors in the appearance of candidiasis are:
- decreased immunity;
- excess weight;
- the presence of diabetes;
- the presence of chronic diseases;
- malfunction of the gastrointestinal tract;
- dysbiosis;
- improper hygiene;
- antibiotics
- hormonal imbalance.
In addition to these factors, thrush can cause an unbalanced diet, against which a deficiency of important trace elements and vitamins is formed.
Complications of thrush
Causes a number of unpleasant symptoms of thrush during pregnancy (3 trimester). Treatment begins at the first sign of the disease, otherwise complications may arise in the form of candidal vulvovaginitis. This ailment provokes infection of the fetal bladder, premature discharge of amniotic fluid and early childbirth.
Candidiasis can cause infection of the fetus during childbirth when the baby passes through the birth canal. With this disease, the inflamed walls of the vagina become less elastic, friability appears, which increases the likelihood of ruptures during delivery. Candidiasis also interferes with cesarean section. With it, the sutures heal more slowly, can fester. The disease increases the risk of postpartum hemorrhage.
Diagnosis of the disease
Before treating thrush during pregnancy (3 trimester), you need to diagnose. First, the doctor conducts a gynecological examination. Determines the clinical picture of the disease. Finds out whether a woman had thrush before and how often. Identifies concomitant diseases and identifies risk factors.
During the examination, the gynecologist takes a smear from the vagina for microscopic examination and appoints a detailed blood test. At the first examination, molecular biological and cultural methods of examination are not used, since it is believed that Candida albicans is present in small quantities even in healthy women.
If the disease goes into a chronic stage, then a cultural diagnostic method is used to determine the type of yeast-like fungi that caused candidiasis.
The treatment regimens of such a disease as thrush vary in trimesters. The third trimester of pregnancy allows you to use some drugs. Although they may be banned in the first two trimesters. You can choose candles from thrush effective and inexpensive.
Features of the treatment of thrush in the later stages
Treatment of candidiasis during pregnancy is an absolute necessity and has its own characteristics:
- Preference is given to topical preparations. These are drugs in the form of suppositories and vaginal tablets.
- Antimycotic tablets are used only as prescribed by a doctor and only in the third trimester.
- When a candle is inserted into the vagina, some women experience a slight burning sensation. This is normal and should not be interrupted.
- After the course of treatment, a control examination should be passed and all necessary tests for candidiasis should be passed.
- If thrush occurs at least once during pregnancy, then immediately before giving birth a full course of treatment for candidiasis should be taken, regardless of whether thrush is present or not.
In the presence of thrush, the spouse of a pregnant woman should undergo examination and treatment, since this disease is transmitted through sexual intercourse.
The specifics of general treatment
After the doctor has established the diagnosis of the disease and the cause of the disease, you should proceed to treatment. With regular relapses, candidiasis can become chronic, and then it will be more difficult to treat.
Thrush during pregnancy (which suppositories should be used during this period, will be written later) requires complex treatment. Use topical medications, prebiotics, multivitamins. In complex advanced cases, tablets are prescribed. The doctor recommends changing the diet and giving up a number of products.
What candles and drugs can a woman use in the third trimester to get rid of candidiasis? During this period, the list of drugs for the treatment of candidiasis is expanding. The use of drugs such as:
- Pimafucin;
- Terzhinan;
- "Clotrimazole";
- Polygynax;
- Klion-D;
- "Gino-Pevaril."
Some use Zalain candles. They give a 100% result. If thrush is accompanied by frequent relapses, then the course of treatment is repeated. In some cases, suppositories with interferon are used. Acceptance of "Wobenzym." At severe stages of the development of the disease, external agents are combined with tablets.
Overview of topical medications
Most often during pregnancy in the third trimester use means intended for topical use. Most often these are the following drugs:
- Pimafucin. The active ingredient is natamycin. It is applied one candle once a day, at night. Therapy lasts about six days. The package contains six suppositories. If thrush progresses, then add “Pimafucin” in tablets.
- "Zalain." The active substance is sertaconazole. The drug is available in the form of cream and suppositories. The latter is administered at night, once. If the symptoms of the disease persist, then after seven days, another candle is administered.
- "Candinorm." The drug is produced in the form of a gel. It is administered vaginally, once a day, at bedtime. The procedure is performed for three days. The gel is enclosed in tubes for single use.
- Polygynax. It can be prescribed only from the second trimester of pregnancy. Available in the form of vaginal capsules. The medicine is applied once a day. Therapy lasts from 6 to 12 days.
- "Terzhinan." The drug is made in tablets. They are introduced into the vagina once a day, moistened with plenty of water. Duration - 6-20 days.
- "Clotrimazole." Candles from thrush are effective inexpensive. They are administered once or twice a day. The course lasts from 3 to 6 days.
- Livarol. Available in the form of candles. Apply intravaginally, once a day.
- Gino-Pevaril. The active substance is econazole nitrate. There are a dosage of 50 mg and 150 mg. In the first case, the treatment lasts two weeks. When using a dose of 150 mg, the course is reduced to three days.
In the third trimester, borax in glycerol or sodium tetraborate 20% can be prescribed. The solution is used when a lot of fungus accumulates on the walls of the vagina. When using the drug, the swab is abundantly moistened in glycerin and injected shallow into the vagina. The procedure is performed for three days. This is a secondary agent that is used in combination with antifungal drugs.
Treatment of thrush in the third trimester is carried out under the close supervision of a doctor. If relapses bother the patient, then an additional examination is prescribed.
About pills for thrush
Pills for thrush during pregnancy in the third trimester are extremely rare. As a rule, these are the safest drugs. These include the following antibiotics:
- "Nystatin";
- Pimafucin;
- "Natamycin."
Medicines are used for candidiasis in pregnant women, starting from the second trimester. The drugs have a wide spectrum of action and are effective against Candida fungus. The dosage of each of the drugs is determined by the doctor individually.
During pregnancy, it is not recommended to take the tablets "Flucanozole", "Diflucan", "Flucostat" and "Mikosist". The active ingredient in all of these drugs is fluconazole. This substance causes the uterus to tone, which can lead to premature birth or miscarriage. Fluconazole also freely penetrates the placenta and adversely affects the fetus.
"Miramistin" during pregnancy from thrush
Often, in the treatment of thrush, women use Miramistin. The product is characterized by anti-inflammatory, antiseptic and regenerative properties. The drug is available in the form of a solution and ointment.
"Miramistin" during pregnancy from thrush is used only externally. The solution conducts external irrigation. It is allowed to make applications with the solution for a couple of hours in the vagina. Thus, treatment is carried out for a week. It is allowed to use an ointment instead of a solution. It is applied to the penis once a day, at night.
The drug is safe, so it is often used during pregnancy. Reviews of pregnant women note that this medicine allows you to cure thrush in three days and does not harm the child.
Folk therapy
How to cure thrush during pregnancy, so as not to harm the unborn baby? This question worries most women, so many of them prefer folk remedies.
The most popular recipes are:
Sage or thyme grass (tablespoon) is poured with boiling water (300 ml) and cooked for 15 minutes in a water bath. Broth washed twice a day. Instead of grass, you can use oak bark. The result of the procedure will not be worse.
Children's cream mixed with a few drops of tea tree will help relieve swelling of the genital organs.
Effective against candidiasis is a solution containing iodine, soda and water. Take a teaspoon of iodine and a tablespoon of soda per liter of water. The resulting solution is used as a bath.
Soda for thrush during pregnancy is a unique product. A tablespoon of soda is taken per liter of water. This solution is washed.
To combat thrush, use onions and garlic. External organs wash them with juice.
There are many alternative methods of treatment for thrush, and all of them must be agreed with a doctor before use in order to avoid negative consequences.
The behavior of a woman during therapy
When treating thrush, a woman must strictly follow all the doctor's instructions. Do not forget that proper genital hygiene is able to prevent the occurrence of thrush and speed up the healing process.
During treatment of thrush, you need to remember that during pregnancy it is forbidden to douche. This procedure is able to remove all the beneficial microflora from the vagina and aggravate the course of the disease.
Soda with thrush during pregnancy helps relieve itching. A weak soda solution is prepared with it and washed. The procedure creates an alkaline environment unfavorable for pathogenic organisms.
For the duration of therapy should refrain from sexual intercourse. Bath prefer shower. Wear only cotton underwear. It is better to refuse strings for pregnancy completely, and during the day to change pads more often.
Nutrition for thrush
During treatment, nutrition should be monitored. Refuse sweet, salty and spicy. A ban on sweet pastries, confectionery and carbonated drinks should be introduced. The diet of a pregnant woman should include fresh fruits and vegetables, cereals, meat and fish.
If you do not make restrictions on nutrition, then even the most powerful and effective drugs will not help remove thrush.
Candidiasis can be considered defeated if it does not occur for five months or more.