Every expectant mother cares about the health of her unborn baby. In order to track the development of the embryo and monitor the condition of the woman, doctors prescribe tests during pregnancy. A list of the weeks will be presented to your attention below. This article will tell you about the features of a particular study. You will also learn what tests to take during pregnancy. The weekly list needs to be studied and all appointments observed.
What is it for?
Before you begin to take tests during pregnancy (a list of weeks will give you a gynecologist), you need to find out why this is done.
In ancient times, medicine was not able to determine the condition of the child in the womb. The only thing that obstetricians did was probing the fetus in late pregnancy and determining its heart rate. It is worth saying that in these cases, women and doctors relied on luck. That is why so often babies with deviations and congenital pathologies were born. Over the years, things have changed a lot.
Currently, medicine has taken a big step forward. Now, every representative of the weaker sex must take tests during pregnancy. Such studies help determine her condition and dynamics in the development of the baby. If any deviations are found, there is a high probability of a successful adjustment. Consider what tests are given during pregnancy. A list of weeks will help you not to miss any of them.
When registering
Pregnancy monitoring starts from the very moment when a woman goes to a medical institution. Representatives of the weaker sex usually learn about their new position at about five weeks old. However, at this time, doctors have not yet registered. All due to the fact that the early stages are characterized by abortion in about 20 percent of cases. This does not mean that the visit will be useless. When contacting a antenatal clinic, the doctor will tell you which tests to take during pregnancy. Also, the gynecologist will take a swab from your vagina and write out the necessary directions. Among them, one can distinguish a blood test, urine and feces. Passage of specialists, ultrasound studies, measurement of parameters and survey. Let us consider these points in more detail.
Blood diagnostics
What tests are given by a woman when registering for pregnancy? This includes a general blood test, biochemical examination, determination of the rhesus and group. It is also necessary to conduct coagulation diagnostics and a coagulogram. In addition, a representative of the weaker sex will have to donate blood for HIV, syphilis, hepatitis B and C, various infections that can be transmitted through sexual intercourse.
Material is taken from a vein. Sometimes for a general analysis, blood is taken from a finger. It is worth noting that before the diagnosis can not eat food. A few days before this, fatty foods and alcoholic beverages should be excluded from the diet.
Urinalysis
When registering from the 5th to the 9th week of pregnancy, a woman needs to pass urine several times for diagnosis. First, a general study of the obtained material is performed. If poor tests are determined during pregnancy, then the doctor recommends an additional diagnosis. For this, directions are written for bacteriological culture, analysis according to Nechiporenko, Zimnitsky and so on.
It is worth noting that in each case, certain rules for collecting material must be observed. For a general study, it is preferable to use the morning full portion of urine after hygiene procedures.
Passage of specialists
When registering in the first trimester of pregnancy, you must definitely visit the specialists. Most often, gynecologists require an opinion from a cardiologist, optometrist, ENT specialist, dentist and general practitioner. If necessary, ultrasound examinations of the kidneys, thyroid gland and heart are prescribed.
First ultrasound
Necessary tests during pregnancy include ultrasound diagnostics. The first study is carried out for a period of 10-13 weeks. During this period, the study can be carried out by a transvaginal sensor or through the abdominal wall. It all depends on the device and the qualifications of the doctor.
During diagnosis, a specialist estimates the size of the embryo and the fetal egg. The place and quality of its fastening is also determined. Be sure to inspect the ovaries, cervix and the cavity of the genital organ. The data obtained determines the exact gestational age and estimated date of birth.
In the second trimester
What tests should be taken in the second trimester of pregnancy? At this time, a very important study is being done, which is called screening. In most cases, doctors set a period of 18-22 weeks. However, some experts say that it is more informative to conduct an analysis at 16 weeks.
The screening includes a blood test for the amount of chorionic gonadotropin. This substance may indicate possible intrauterine malformations and identify some syndromes. Also at this stage, another study is carried out using an ultrasonic sensor. During the analysis, the specialist examines the placenta, determines the size of the fetus and its position. It is worth saying that after 20 weeks it is already possible to determine the sex of the future baby with great accuracy.
Third trimester
After 30 weeks of pregnancy, the woman goes on maternity leave. Many future mothers are waiting for this moment very much. However, the third trimester is characterized not only by this event. At this stage of fetal development, a representative of the weaker sex has to go through a lot of research.
In the period from the 30th to the 35th week, a woman is assigned repeated consultations of specialists. As you already know, this includes the dentist, ENT, therapist and cardiologist. Also, at 29-30 weeks, a pregnant woman must pass a blood test for HIV, syphilis, hepatitis. Be sure to assign a general analysis and biochemical study.
At about 32 weeks, a woman should take a swab from the vagina to determine its purity. Also from this period an additional study begins, which is called cardiotocography. It is produced from 1 to 3 times. However, if abnormalities are found, it can be assigned every week.
Last ultrasound
Before giving birth, a woman must be sent to a third ultrasound examination. It is held for a period from the 32nd to the 36th week. During the analysis, the specialist determines the position of the fetus and the level of maturation of the placenta. The umbilical cord is also examined and a vascular doppler is performed.
Based on the results of this study, some expectant mothers are given a cesarean section.
Summarizing
The norms of analyzes during pregnancy are always individual for each period. That is why you should not try to decrypt the received data yourself. It is worth noting that in addition to the above tests, a woman needs to regularly pass urine for diagnosis. This is done before each next appointment. At the very beginning of the term, the expectant mother visits the gynecologist once every four weeks. Further, after 20 weeks of pregnancy, a visit is made two weeks later. In the third trimester, the gynecologist wishes to see the expectant mother in her office once every seven days. And so on until the birth.
Try to get your tests done regularly. Remember that even with good health, pathologies in the baby sometimes develop. Compliance with the terms of the exam will help you in time to identify deviations from the norms and make corrections. Trust your gynecologist. Easy your pregnancy and good health!